Difference between revisions of "Spanish Genealogical Word List"
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This list contains Spanish words with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Spanish-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section below.) | This list contains Spanish words with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Spanish-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section below.) | ||
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Spanish words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as masculine or feminine. '''''El''''' (the masculine form of '''''the''''') is used with masculine words. '''''La''''' (the feminine form of '''''the''''') is used with feminine words. Masculine words generally end in '''''o, r, l,''''' and '''''ma'''''. Feminine words generally end in '''''a, ión, tad, dad, tud,''''' and '''''umbre'''''. Nouns which end in '''''or''''' are masculine; an '''''a''''' is added to indicate the feminine version. | Spanish words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as masculine or feminine. '''''El''''' (the masculine form of '''''the''''') is used with masculine words. '''''La''''' (the feminine form of '''''the''''') is used with feminine words. Masculine words generally end in '''''o, r, l,''''' and '''''ma'''''. Feminine words generally end in '''''a, ión, tad, dad, tud,''''' and '''''umbre'''''. Nouns which end in '''''or''''' are masculine; an '''''a''''' is added to indicate the feminine version. | ||
− | Most adjectives used to describe nouns are masculine or feminine. Adjectives which end in '''''o''''' are masculine. Feminine adjectives end in '''''a'''''. For example, the married son would be translated as ''el hijo casado'', while the married daughter would be translated as ''la hija casada''. | + | Most adjectives used to describe nouns are masculine or feminine. Adjectives which end in '''''o''''' are masculine. Feminine adjectives end in '''''a'''''. For example, the married son would be translated as ''el hijo casado'', while the married daughter would be translated as ''la hija casada''. |
==== Variant Forms of Words ==== | ==== Variant Forms of Words ==== | ||
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Examples: | Examples: | ||
− | ::{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1 | + | :: |
+ | |||
+ | {| width="40%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''chrisma <br>excrebir <br>lejítimo <br>Méjico <br>domjngo <br>yndio <br>Henrique <br>religiosso''''' | | '''''chrisma <br>excrebir <br>lejítimo <br>Méjico <br>domjngo <br>yndio <br>Henrique <br>religiosso''''' | ||
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|} | |} | ||
− | <br> | + | <br><br> |
=== Additional Resources === | === Additional Resources === | ||
− | This word list includes only the words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use a Spanish-English dictionary. Several Spanish-English dictionaries are available at the Family History | + | This word list includes only the words ''most commonly found in genealogical sources''. For further help, use a Spanish-English dictionary. Several Spanish-English dictionaries are available at the [[Family History Library|Family History Library]]. These are in the European collection. The call numbers begin with 463.21. |
The following dictionary may be helpful in your research: | The following dictionary may be helpful in your research: | ||
− | Cassell's Spanish-English, English-Spanish Dictionary. New York: Macmillan Publishers, 1978. (FHL book 463.21 C272c, | + | *''[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5029888&referer=brief_results Cassell's Spanish-English, English-Spanish Dictionary]''. New York: Macmillan Publishers, 1978. ({{FHL|497306|title-id|disp=FHL book 463.21 C272c 1978}}.) |
+ | |||
+ | Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject section of the [[Introduction to the Family History Library Catalog|Family History Library Catalog]] under {{FHL|314015|subject-id|disp=SPANISH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES}}. Most bookstores also carry inexpensive Spanish-English dictionaries. | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Key Words === | ||
+ | |||
+ | To find and use specific types of Spanish records, you will need to know some key words in Spanish. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the Spanish words with the same or similar meanings. | ||
+ | |||
+ | For example, in the first column you will find the English word ''marriage''. In the second column you will find Spanish words with meanings such as ''marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined,'' and other words used in Spanish records to indicate marriage. Variant endings of Spanish words are given in parentheses. | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" style="width: 591px; height: 484px;" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | '''English '''<br>archive <br>baptism <br>birth <br>burial <br>Catholic church <br>census <br>child <br>christening <br>church records <br>civil registry <br>confirmation <br>day <br>death <br>father <br>husband <br>index <br>marriage <br>military <br>month <br>morning <br>mother <br>name, given <br>name, surname <br>parents <br>parish <br>wife <br>year | ||
+ | | '''Spanish <br>'''archivo <br>bautismo, bauticé, bautizado (a), bautismo, crisma <br>nacimiento, nació, nacido (a) <br>entierro, sepultura, entierrado (a), sepultado (a) <br>Iglesia Católica <br>censo, padrón <br>niño (a), hijo (a), párvulo (a), expósito <br>See baptism <br>registros parroquiales <br>Registro Civil <br>confirmación, crisma <br>día <br>muerte, defunción, fallecimiento, óbito, muerto(a), difunto(a), fallecido(a)<br>padre <br>esposo, marido, cónyuge <br>índice <br>matrimonio, casamiento, casé, casado (a) <br>militar, ejército <br>mes <br>mañana <br>madre <br>nombre de pila, nombre de bautismo <br>nombre, apellido <br>padres <br>parroquia <br>esposa, marida, mujer, cónyuge <br>año | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Racial Terminology === | ||
+ | |||
+ | In colonial Latin America, racial classification was often recorded in the Catholic parish registers and government documents, often with no degree of accuracy. The meaning of some of these terms may vary in some Spanish-speaking countries. | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="99%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | '''Classification '''<br>Albarazado <br>Albino <br>Allí te estás <br>Barcino <br>Barnocino <br>Calpamulato <br>Cambujo <br>Cambur <br>Castizo <br>Chamizo <br>Chino <br>Cholo <br>Cimarrón <br>Coyote <br>Cuarteado <br>Cuarterón <br>Cuarterón de Chino <br>Cuarterón de Mestize <br>Cuarterón de Mulato <br>Cuatrero <br>Español <br>Español Criollo <br>Indio <br>Jíbaro <br>Ladino <br>Lobo <br>Mestizo <br>Moreno <br>Morisco <br>Mulato | ||
+ | |||
+ | Negro | ||
+ | |||
+ | Negro fino <br>No te entiende <br>No me toques <br>Ochavado <br>Pardo <br>Prieto <br>Quartarón <br>Quinterón <br>Requinterón <br>Salta atrás <br>Tente en el aire <br>Torna atrás <br>Tresalvo <br>Zambaigo <br>Zambo <br>Zambo de Indio | ||
+ | |||
+ | | | ||
+ | '''Racial Composition''' <br>Cambujo and Mulato <br>Spanish and Morisco <br>Chamizo and Mestizo <br>Albarazado and Mulato <br>Albarazado and Mestizo <br>Zambaigo and Lobo <br>Indian (¾) and Negro (¼) <br>Negro (½), Spanish (¼), and Indian (¼) <br>In Puerto Rico: Mestizo and Spanish. In Guatemala: Spanish and Indian (1/128) <br>Coyote and Indian <br>In Peru: Mulato and Indian <br>In Peru: Mestizo and Indian <br>In Mexico and Guatemala: Negro (½), Spanish (¼), and Indian (¼) <br>Spanish (½), Indian (3/8), and Negro (1/8) <br>Spanish (½), Indian (¼), and Negro (¼) <br>Spanish (¾) and Negro (¼) <br>In Peru: Spanish and Chino <br>In Peru: Spanish and Mestizo <br>In Peru: Spanish and Mulato <br>Indian (¾) and Spanish (¼) <br>Spanish <br>Colonial-born Spaniard <br>Indian <br>Lobo and Indian <br>Spanish (¾) and Indian (¼) <br>Indian (¾) and Negro (¼) <br>Spanish (½) and Indian (½) <br>Spanish (½), Indian (¼), and Negro (¼) <br>Spanish and Mulato. In Spain: a baptized Moor <br>Spanish (½) and Negro (½). In Chile and Colombia: can be Indian and Negro | ||
+ | |||
+ | African Black | ||
+ | |||
+ | Negro (¾) and Spanish (¼) <br>Tente en el aire and Mulato <br>Mixture of Spanish, Indian, and Negro <br>Spanish (7/8) and Negro (1/8) <br>Indian (½), Spanish (¼), and Negro (¼) <br>Negro (7/8) and Spanish (1/8) <br>See Cuarterón <br>In Peru: Spanish and Cuarterón <br>In Peru: Spanish and Quinterón <br>Spanish and Albino <br>Calpamulato and Cambujo <br>No te entiende and Indian <br>Spanish (¾) and Negro (¼) <br>Spanish and Chino <br>In Peru: Negro and Mulato. In Venezuela: Indian (½) and Negro (½) <br>In Peru: Negro (½) and Indian (½) | ||
+ | |||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | === General Word List === | ||
+ | |||
+ | This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed both here and in separate sections prior to this list. Racial terminology is listed separately. | ||
+ | |||
+ | In this list, optional versions of Spanish words or variable endings (such as adjectives and some plural or feminine endings) are given in parentheses. Parentheses in the English column clarify the definition. | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| class="plain FCK__ShowTableBorders" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | {| width="80%" align="center" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="5" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | align="center" | '''Click the letter below to get to the words starting with that letter.''' | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{CompactTOC8|name=Words starting with|center=yes|side=yes|k=|w=|x=}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== A ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="50%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | '''Spanish''' <br>a <br>Aa.M. = abuela materna <br>Aa.P. = abuela paterna <br>abogado <br>abril <br>absceso <br>abuela <br>abuelo <br>abuelos <br>acre <br>acta <br>acuerdo <br>administración <br>adoptado (a) <br>adulterio <br>adúltero (a) <br>agosto <br>agricultor <br>ahí <br>ahogamiento <br>albacea <br>albañil <br>alcalde <br>aldea <br>alemán (a) <br>alfarero <br>algodón <br>algún (o, a) <br>alma <br>alquiler, renta <br>alto (a) <br>altura <br>allá <br>allí <br>amanuense <br>amarillo (a) <br>ambos (as) <br>amigo (a) <br>amo <br>amonestaciones <br>anciano (a) <br>aniversario <br>antepasado (a) <br>anterior <br>antes <br>antiguo (a) <br>anual <br>anuario <br>año <br>aparecer <br>apellido <br>apéndice <br>apodo <br>apostólico (a) <br>aprendiz <br>aproximado (a) <br>aquel (la) <br>aquí <br>árbol <br>árbol genealógico <br>archivo <br>arrendamiento <br>arzobispo <br>ascendiente <br>asilo <br>asma <br>aún <br>auto de fé <br>ayer <br>ayuntamiento <br>azúcar <br>azul | ||
+ | | '''English''' <br>to, in, into, on <br>maternal grandmother <br> paternal grandmother <br> lawyer <br>April <br>abscess <br>grandmother <br>grandfather <br>grandparents <br>acre <br>document, record <br>agreement <br>administration <br>adopted <br>adultery <br>adulterer <br>August <br>farmer <br>there <br>drowning <br>executor of estate <br>stonemason <br>mayor <br>village <br>German <br>potter <br>cotton <br>some, someone <br>soul, inhabitant <br>rent <br>high, tall <br>height <br>there <br>there <br>scribe, clerk <br>yellow <br>both <br>friend <br>master, owner <br>marriage banns <br>elderly <br>anniversary <br>ancestor <br>former, previous <br>before <br>old, ancient <br>annual <br>yearbook <br>year <br>to appear <br>surname <br>appendix <br>nickname <br>apostolic <br>apprentice <br>approximate <br>that <br>here <br>tree <br>genealogical tree <br>archive <br>rent <br>archbishop <br>ancestor <br>asylum, shelter <br>asthma <br>still <br>sentence given by the Inquisition <br>yesterday <br>city hall, town government <br>sugar <br>blue | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== B ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="50%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | bajo (a) <br>barco <br>barrio <br>bautismo <br>bautizar <br>bebé <br>bendición <br>biblioteca <br>bien <br>bienes <br>bisabuela <br>bisabuelo <br>bisabuelos <br>bisnieta <br>bisnieto <br>bisnietos <br>blanco (a) <br>boca <br>boda <br>brazo <br>bueno (a) <br>búsqueda | ||
+ | | low <br>ship <br>city ward <br>baptism <br>to baptize <br>baby <br>blessing <br>library <br>good, well <br>property, goods, fee <br>great-grandmother <br>great-grandfather <br>great-grandparents <br>great-granddaughter <br>great-grandson <br>great-grandchildren <br>white <br>mouth <br>marriage, wedding <br>arm <br>good <br>research | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== C ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="60%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | caballero <br>cabeza <br>cabildo <br>calle <br>camino <br>campesino (a) <br>campo <br>cáncer <br>caña de azúcar <br>capilla <br>cara <br>cárcel <br>carnicero <br>carpintero <br>carretera <br>casa <br>casado (a) <br>casamiento <br>casar, casarse <br>casta <br>castillo <br>catastro <br>catedral <br>católico (a) <br>catorce <br>cazador <br>c.c. = casado con <br>cédula <br>cementerio <br>censo <br>centenario <br>cerca <br>cerrajero <br>certificado <br>cervecero <br>ciego (a) <br>ciento <br>cinco <br>cincuenta <br>ciudad <br>ciudadano (a) <br>clérigo <br>c.m.c.=contrajó matrimonio con <br>cofradía <br>cojo (a) <br>colina <br>colonia <br>colorado (a) <br>comerciante <br>comercio <br>como <br>comunión <br>con <br>concejal <br>concerniente <br>concilio <br>concilio tridentino <br>condado <br>conocido (a) <br>conocido (a) como <br>consanguinidad <br>consejo <br>consorte <br>constipación <br>consumimiento <br>contenido <br>contra <br>contrayente <br>conversión <br>convulsión <br>cónyuge <br>cordelero <br>corriente <br>cosecha <br>criada <br>criatura <br>cristiano (a) <br>cuál <br>cuándo <br>cuarenta <br>cuarto <br>cuarto (a) <br>cuate <br>cuatro <br>cuatrocientos <br>cuenta <br>cumpleaños <br>cuñada <br>cuñado <br>cura <br>curato <br>curia <br>curtidor <br>cuyo (a) | ||
+ | | nobleman, gentleman <br>head <br>town council <br>street <br>road <br>peasant <br>field <br>cancer <br>sugarcane <br>chapel <br>face <br>jail <br>butcher <br>carpenter <br>road <br>house <br>married <br>marriage <br>to marry <br>caste, racial lineage <br>castle <br>land census <br>cathedral <br>Catholic <br>fourteen <br>hunter <br>married to <br>royal decree <br>cemetery <br>census <br>centennial <br>near, approximate <br>locksmith <br>certificate <br>brewer <br>blind <br>one hundred <br>five <br>fifty <br>city <br>citizen <br>clergyman <br>contracted marriage with <br>religious brotherhood, guild <br>lame <br>hill <br>colony <br>red <br>merchant <br>business, commerce <br>as, how <br>communion <br>with <br>councilman <br>concerning <br>council <br>Council of Trent <br>county <br>known, acquaintance <br>known as <br>blood relationship, kinship <br>council <br>spouse, partner <br>constipation <br>consumption <br>contents <br>against <br>contracting party in a marriage <br>conversion <br>convulsion <br>spouse <br>rope maker <br>current <br>harvest <br>maid <br>infant, child <br>Christian <br>which <br>when <br>forty <br>room <br>fourth <br>twin <br>four <br>four hundred <br>account <br>birthday <br>sister-in-law <br>brother-in-law <br>clergyman <br>parish <br>ecclesiastical tribunal <br>tanner <br>whose | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== D ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="50%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | data <br>de <br>debilidad <br>década <br>décimo (a) <br>décimoctavo (a) <br>décimocuarto (a) <br>décimonono (a) <br>décimoquinto (a) <br>décimo séptimo (a) <br>décimosexto (a) <br>décimotercero (a) <br>declaración <br>declarado (a) <br>dedo <br>defunción <br>dentición <br>dentro <br>denuncia <br>departamento <br>derecho <br>derrame <br>desacuerdo <br>desavenencia <br>descendiente <br>desconocido (a) <br>descripción <br>desde <br>después <br>detrás <br>diario <br>diarrea <br>diccionario <br>diciembre <br>dicho (a) <br>diecinueve <br>dieciocho <br>dieciseis <br>diecisiete <br>diente <br>diez <br>diezmo <br>difo. = difunto <br>difunto (a) <br>digno (a) <br>diócesis <br>disenteria <br>dispensa <br>divorciado (a) <br>doce <br>documento <br>domicilio <br>domingo <br>don <br>donación <br>donde <br>doña <br>dos <br>doscientos <br>d.s.p. = defunctus sine prole <br>dueño (a) <br>duodécimo | ||
+ | | date <br>of, from, belonging to <br>weakness, disability <br>decade <br>tenth <br>eighteenth <br>fourteenth <br>nineteenth <br>fifteenth <br>seventeenth <br>sixteenth <br>thirteenth <br>declaration <br>declared, stated <br>finger <br>death <br>teething <br>within <br>accusation, denunciation <br>district, department <br>law <br>stroke <br>disagreement <br>disagreement <br>descendant <br>unknown <br>description <br>since <br>after <br>after, behind <br>daily <br>diarrhea <br>dictionary <br>December <br>stated, said, mentioned <br>nineteen <br>eighteen <br>sixteen <br>seventeen <br>tooth <br>ten <br>tithing <br>deceased <br>deceased <br>worthy <br>diocese <br>dysentery <br>exemption, permission <br>divorced <br>twelve <br>document <br>dwelling <br>Sunday <br>Mr. <br>donation <br>where <br>Mrs. <br>two <br>two hundred <br>died without issue <br>owner <br>twelfth | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== E ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="50%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | eclesiástico (a) <br>edad <br>ejército <br>él <br>el <br>ella <br>ellos <br>embarazada <br>emigración <br>emigrante <br>empleado (a) <br>encomienda <br>enero <br>enfermedad <br>entierrado (a) <br>entierro <br>entre <br>envejecido (a) <br>epidemia <br>epilepsia <br>era <br>éramos <br>eran <br>eras <br>eres <br>es <br>escarlata <br>esclavitud <br>esclavo <br>escribiente <br>escuela <br>ese (esa) <br>esposo (a) <br>espurio (a) <br>está <br>estación <br>estado <br>estamos <br>están <br>estar <br>este <br>este (a, o) <br>estómago <br>estoy <br>evangélico (a) <br>expósito (a) <br>extracto <br>extranjero (a) <br>extraño (a) | ||
+ | | ecclesiastical <br>age <br>army, military <br>he <br>the (masculine) <br>she <br>they <br>pregnant <br>emigration <br>emigrant <br>employee <br>patronage, land grant <br>January <br>disease <br>buried <br>burial <br>between, among <br>elderly <br>epidemic <br>epilepsy <br>(I, you, he, she, it) was/were <br>(we) were <br>(you, they) were <br>(you) were <br>(you) are <br>(you, he, she, it) are/is <br>scarlet fever <br>slavery <br>slave <br>scribe <br>school <br>that <br>husband, spouse (spouse) <br>illegitimate <br>(you, he, she, it) are/is <br>season <br>state, status <br>(we) are <br>(they, you) are <br>to be <br>east <br>this <br>stomach <br>(I) am <br>evangelical <br>foundling <br>extract <br>foreigner <br>stranger | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== F ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="50%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | fábrica <br>fallecer <br>fallecido (a) <br>familia <br>fé <br>febrero <br>fecha <br>feligrés (a) <br>feligresía <br>femenino (a) <br>ferrocarril <br>feudo <br>fichero <br>fiebre tifoidea <br>filiación <br>finado (a) <br>firma <br>flaqueza <br>floresta <br>fondos <br>fortaleza <br>francés (a) <br>frente <br>frontera <br>fue <br>fuego <br>fuente <br>fueron <br>fui <br>fuimos <br>futuro | ||
+ | | factory <br>to die <br>deceased <br>family <br>certificate, faith <br>February <br>date <br>parishioner, resident <br>parish <br>feminine <br>railroad <br>fee <br>card file <br>typhoid fever <br>relationship, military register <br>deceased <br>signature <br>weakness <br>forest, grove <br>funds <br>fortress, strength <br>French <br>front, in front of <br>border <br>(you, he, she, it) were/was <br>fire, hearth <br>fountain, source <br>(you, they) were <br>(I) was <br>(we) were <br>future | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== G ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="50%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | gacetero <br>ganado <br>gemelo (a) <br>gemelos (as) <br>genealogía <br>gente <br>gota <br>grande <br>gremio <br>gripe <br>guarda <br>guía | ||
+ | | gazetteer <br>cattle <br>twin <br>twins <br>genealogy <br>people <br>gout <br>great, large <br>brotherhood, guild <br>influenza <br>guard, warden <br>directory, guidebook | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== H ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="50%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | h. = hijo <br>hacienda <br>hecho (a) <br>hembra <br>hemorragia <br>heráldica <br>heredero (a) <br>herencia <br>hermana <br>hermandad <br>hermano <br>hermanos <br>herrero <br>hidalgo <br>hidropesía <br>hija <br>hijastra <br>hijastro <br>hijo <br>hijodalgo <br>hijos <br>hinchazón <br>historia <br>h.l. = hijo legítimo <br>h.n. = hijo natural <br>hogar <br>hoja <br>hoja de lámina <br>holandés (a) <br>hombre <br>honesto (a) <br>hora <br>hospedero <br>huérfano (a) | ||
+ | | son <br>estate, farm <br>completed, done <br>female <br>bleeding <br>heraldry <br>heir <br>inheritance <br>sister <br>fraternity <br>brother <br>brothers, siblings <br>blacksmith <br>nobleman <br>dropsy <br>daughter <br>stepdaughter <br>stepson, stepchild <br>on, child <br>nobleman <br>sons, children <br>swelling <br>history <br>legitimate child <br>illegitimate child <br>home <br>page <br>plate (book) <br>Dutch <br>man, husband <br>honest <br>hour <br>innkeeper <br>orphan | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== I ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="100%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | I <br>i. = ilegítimo <br>ictericia <br>idioma <br>iglesia <br>Iglesia Católica <br>ilegítimo (a) <br>ill. = ilegítimo <br>impedimento <br>imperio <br>impuesto <br>incógnito (a) <br>índice <br>indígena <br>indigente <br>información matrimonial <br>infrascrito (a) <br>inglés (a) <br>inmigración <br>inmigrante <br>inmoble <br>inmueble <br>ino. = indio <br>intendente <br>intestado (a) <br>intestinos <br>invierno <br>italiano (a) | ||
+ | | and <br>illegitimate <br>jaundice <br>language <br>church <br>Catholic Church <br>illegitimate <br>illegitimate <br>impediment <br>empire <br>tax <br>unknown <br>index <br>indigenous, native, Indian <br>indigent <br>papers relating to a marriage, including banns, declarations, baptismal records, consents, etc. <br>undersigned <br>English <br>immigration <br>immigrant <br>real estate <br>real estate <br>Indian <br>mayor <br>intestate <br>intestines <br>winter <br>Italian | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== J ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="50%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | jardinero <br>jesuita <br>jornalero <br>jubilado <br>judío (a) <br>jueves <br>julio <br>junio <br>junto <br>jurado <br>juros | ||
+ | | gardener <br>Jesuit <br>journeyman <br>retired <br>Jewish <br>Thursday <br>July <br>June <br>together <br>juryman <br>annuities, pensions | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== L ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="70%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | l., leg. = legítimo <br>la <br>labrador <br>ladrillero <br>lago <br>lechero <br>legajo <br>legal <br>legítimo (a) <br>lengua <br>levante <br>ley <br>liberto (a) <br>libro <br>licencia <br>lícito (a) <br>limosna <br>limpieza de sangre <br>lugar <br>lunes | ||
+ | | legitimate <br>the (feminine) <br>farmer, peasant <br>brick mason, bricklayer <br>lake <br>dairyman <br>bundle of related documents <br>legal <br>legitimate <br>language, tongue <br>east <br>law <br>freed slave <br>book <br>permission <br>legal <br>alms <br>purity of blood, indicating pure Catholic ancestry <br>place <br>Monday | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== M ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="90%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | macho <br>madrasta <br>madre <br>madrina <br>maestro <br>maíz <br>mano <br>mañana <br>mapa <br>marido (a) <br>marina <br>marinero <br>martes <br>marzo <br>más <br>masculino (a) <br>más joven <br>más viejo (a) <br>materno (a) <br>matrimonio <br>mayo <br>mayor <br>media noche <br>médico <br>mendigo (a) <br>menonita <br>menor <br>menos <br>mercadería <br>mercado <br>mercante <br>mes <br>mestizo <br>mi <br>miembro <br>miércoles <br>mil <br>milla <br>mina <br>minero <br>ministro <br>mío (a) <br>mismo (a) <br>mitad <br>m.n. = more novo <br>molino <br>montaña <br>monte <br>montero <br>morada <br>morador (a) <br>morar <br>morir <br>mozo (a) <br>muchacho (a) <br>muchas veces <br>mucho (a) <br>mudo (a) <br>muebles <br>muerte <br>muerto (a) <br>mujer <br>mulato (a) <br>municipio | ||
+ | | male <br>stepmother <br>mother <br>godmother <br>master, teacher <br>corn <br>hand <br>morning <br>map <br>husband (wife) <br>navy <br>sailor <br>Tuesday <br>March <br>more <br>masculine <br>youngest <br>eldest <br>maternal <br>marriage <br>May <br>larger, elder <br>midnight <br>doctor <br>beggar <br>Mennonite <br>smaller, younger <br>less <br>wares, goods <br>market <br>merchant <br>month <br>mixture of Spanish and Indian <br>my <br>member <br>Wednesday <br>one thousand <br>mile <br>mine <br>miner <br>minister <br>my <br>same <br>half <br>according to the new manner of dating (the Gregorian calendar) <br>mill <br>mountain <br>hill <br>hunter <br>dwelling <br>resident <br>to live (location) <br>to die <br>youth, young <br>boy, (girl) <br>often <br>many, very <br>dumb <br>furniture, household <br>death <br>deceased <br>woman, wife <br>mulatto <br>municipality | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== N ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="50%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | n. = nació, nacido <br>n. = nombre <br>nac. = nacido <br>nacer <br>nacido (a) <br>nacido (a) muerto (a) <br>nacimiento <br>nariz <br>natural <br>natural de <br>nave <br>navio <br>negocio <br>negro (a) <br>nene <br>nieta <br>nieto <br>nietos <br>ningún (o, a) <br>niño (a) <br>no <br>no. = número <br>noble <br>nobleza <br>noche <br>nombre <br>nombre de pila <br>nono (a) <br>norte <br>nosotros <br>notario <br>novecientos <br>noveno (a) <br>noventa <br>novia <br>noviembre <br>novio <br>novios <br>nuera <br>nuestro (a) <br>nueve <br>nuevo (a) <br>num. = número <br>número <br>nunca <br>nupcias | ||
+ | | born <br>name <br>born <br>to be born <br>born <br>stillborn <br>birth <br>nose <br>natural, illegitimate <br>native of <br>ship <br>ship <br>business <br>black <br>baby <br>granddaughter <br>grandson <br>grandchildren <br>none, not one <br>child <br>no <br>number <br>noble <br>nobility <br>night <br>name <br>given or Christian name <br>ninth <br>north <br>we <br>notary <br>nine hundred <br>ninth <br>ninety <br>bride, fiancée <br>November <br>groom, fiancé <br>betrothed <br>daughter-in-law <br>our <br>nine <br>new <br>number <br>number <br>never <br>marriage, wedding | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== O ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="55%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | o <br>obispado <br>obispo <br>óbito <br>obligación <br>obrero <br>observaciones <br>occidente <br>octavo (a) <br>octubre <br>ochenta <br>ocho <br>ochocientos <br>oeste <br>oferta <br>oficio <br>ojo <br>óleo <br>once <br>onomástico (a) <br>operario <br>oración <br>oreja <br>orfanato <br>oriente <br>original de <br>oro <br>o.s.p. = obiit sine prole <br>otoño <br>otro (a) | ||
+ | | or <br>bishopric <br>bishop <br>death <br>obligation <br>worker, laborer <br>comments, marginal notes <br>west <br>eighth <br>October <br>eighty <br>eight <br>eight hundred <br>west <br>offering <br>office <br>eye <br>oil <br>eleven <br>onomastic (referring to names) <br>worker, laborer <br>prayer <br>ear <br>orphanage <br>east <br>native of <br>gold <br>died without issue <br>autumn <br>other, another | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== P ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="50%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | padrasto <br>padre <br>padres <br>padrino <br>padrinos <br>padrón <br>pag. = página <br>país <br>palacio <br>panadero <br>para <br>pardo (a) <br>parentesco <br>pariente <br>párroco <br>parroquia <br>parroquiano (a) <br>partera <br>partida <br>parto <br>párvulo (a) <br>pasado <br>pastor <br>paterno (a) <br>patrimonio <br>patrón <br>pd. = padre <br>penitenciaria <br>periódico <br>permiso <br>pero <br>pescador <br>peso <br>peste <br>pie <br>pierna <br>plaga <br>plata <br>plaza <br>plazo <br>pleitos <br>población <br>poblado <br>polaco (a) <br>por <br>por qué <br>porque <br>portugués <br>posada <br>posadero <br>preñada <br>presente <br>primavera <br>primero (a) <br>primo (a) <br>prisión <br>proceso <br>profesión <br>profesor (a) <br>progenitor <br>prole <br>propiedad <br>propietario <br>protestante <br>protocolos <br>provincia <br>próximo (a) <br>pueblo <br>puente <br>puerto <br>pulmón <br>pulmonia | ||
+ | | stepfather <br>father, priest <br>parents <br>godfather <br>godparents <br>census, list of persons <br>page <br>country <br>palace <br>baker <br>for, to <br>dark, mulatto <br>kinship <br>relative <br>priest <br>parish <br>parishioner <br>midwife <br>act, certificate <br>birth <br>small child <br>past <br>pastor, minister, shepherd <br>paternal <br>inheritance <br>master, employer <br>father <br>penitentiary <br>periodical, newspaper <br>permission <br>but <br>fisherman <br>weight <br>plague <br>foot <br>leg <br>plague <br>silver <br>public square <br>term <br>lawsuit, court action <br>population, town, village <br>town, village <br>Polish <br>by, for <br>why <br>because <br>Portuguese <br>hostel, shelter <br>innkeeper <br>pregnant <br>present <br>spring <br>first <br>cousin <br>prison <br>trial, lawsuit <br>profession <br>teacher <br>progenitor <br>progeny <br>property, land <br>proprietor, owner <br>Protestant <br>notarial books <br>province <br>next <br>town, village, people <br>bridge <br>port <br>lung <br>pneumonia | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Q ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="50%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | que <br>quien <br>quince <br>quinientos <br>quinto (a) <br>quizás | ||
+ | | that, what <br>who, whom <br>fifteen <br>five hundred <br>fifth <br>maybe | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== R ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="50%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | rancho <br>real <br>rebusca <br>reconocimiento <br>regidor <br>registro civil <br>registros <br>registros civiles <br>reina <br>reino <br>religión <br>renta <br>residencia <br>residente <br>retirado (a) <br>retiramiento <br>retrato <br>rey <br>rezo <br>río <br>rito <br>rojo (a) <br>rostro <br>ruso (a) | ||
+ | | ranch <br>royal <br>research <br>recognition, acknowledgment <br>alderman, prefect <br>civil registry <br>records, registers <br>civil records, vital records <br>queen <br>kingdom <br>religion <br>rent <br>residence <br>resident <br>retired <br>retirement <br>portrait <br>king <br>prayer <br>river <br>rite <br>red <br>face <br>Russian | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== S ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="50%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | s. = señor <br>sábado <br>sacerdote <br>sacristán <br>sagrado (a) <br>sala <br>san <br>sangradura <br>santo (a) <br>santos óleos <br>sarampión <br>sastre <br>segundo (a) <br>seis <br>seiscientos <br>semana <br>separado (a) <br>septiembre <br>séptimo (a) <br>sepulcro <br>sepultado (a) <br>sepultura <br>ser <br>servicio <br>sesenta <br>setecientos <br>setenta <br>sexo <br>sexto (a) <br>sí <br>si <br>siempre <br>sierra <br>siete <br>siglo <br>sirviente <br>sitio <br>sn. = san <br>sobre <br>sobrenombre <br>sobreviviente <br>sobrina <br>sobrino <br>sociedad <br>solar <br>soldado <br>solemnemente <br>solo <br>soltero (a) <br>somos <br>son <br>sordo (a) <br>soy <br>su (suyo, suya) <br>sud <br>sueco (a) <br>suegra <br>suegro <br>suizo (a) <br>sur | ||
+ | | sir, mister <br>Saturday <br>priest <br>sexton <br>sacred, holy <br>room <br>saint <br>bleeding <br>holy, sacred, saint <br>holy oil <br>measles <br>tailor <br>second <br>six <br>six hundred <br>week <br>separate <br>September <br>seventh <br>grave, sepulchre <br>buried <br>grave, sepulchre <br>to be <br>service, donations <br>sixty <br>seven hundred <br>seventy <br>sex, gender <br>sixth <br>yes <br>if, whether <br>always <br>mountain range <br>seven <br>century <br>servant <br>place, site <br>saint <br>about, above, concerning <br>surname, nickname <br>surviving <br>niece <br>nephew <br>society <br>manor house <br>soldier <br>solemnly <br>only <br>single <br>(we) are <br>(they, you) are <br>deaf <br>(I) am <br>your, his, her, their <br>south <br>Swedish <br>mother-in-law <br>father-in-law <br>Swiss <br>south | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== T ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="50%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | talabartero <br>tal vez <br>también <br>tarde <br>tejedor <br>temprano <br>tenemos <br>tener <br>tengo <br>tercero (a) <br>terreno <br>testamento <br>testigo <br>testimonio <br>tía <br>tiempo <br>tiene <br>tienen <br>tintorero <br>tío <br>título <br>todavía <br>todos (as) <br>tomo <br>tonelero <br>tos <br>tos ferina <br>trabajador <br>trece <br>treinta <br>treinta y uno <br>tres <br>trescientos <br>tribunal <br>trigésimo (a) <br>trigésimo primero (a) <br>trigo <br>tuberculosis <br>tumba <br>tumor <br>tutela <br>tutelas | ||
+ | | leather worker <br>maybe <br>also <br>afternoon, late <br>weaver <br>early <br>(we) have <br>to have <br>(I) have <br>third <br>tract of land, field <br>will <br>witness <br>testimony <br>aunt <br>time <br>(you, he, she, it) has <br>(you, they) have <br>dyer <br>uncle <br>title <br>still <br>all, everyone <br>volume <br>cooper <br>cough <br>whooping cough <br>worker, laborer <br>thirteen <br>thirty <br>thirty-one <br>three <br>three hundred <br>court <br>thirtieth <br>thirty-first <br>wheat <br>tuberculosis <br>tomb, grave <br>tumor <br>guardianship <br>records of orphans | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== U ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="30%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | último (a) <br>un (uno, una) <br>undécimo (a) | ||
+ | | last <br>one <br>eleventh | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== V ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="60%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | valle <br>varón <br>vecindad <br>vecino (a) <br>veinte <br>veinte y cinco, <br>veinte y cuatro <br>veinte y dos <br>veinte y nueve <br>veinte y ocho <br>veinte y seis <br>veinte y siete <br>veinte y tres <br>veinte y uno <br>veinticinco <br>veinticuatro <br>veintidos <br>veintinueve <br>veintiocho <br>veintiseis <br>veintisiete <br>veintitres <br>veintiuno <br>velación <br>vender <br>verano <br>verde <br>vez <br>viejo (a) <br>viernes <br>vigésimo <br>vigésimo cuarto (a) <br>vigésimo nono (a) <br>vigésimo octavo (a) <br>vigésimo primero (a) <br>vigésimo quinto (a) <br>vigésimo segundo (a) <br>vigésimo séptimo (a) <br>vigésimo sexto (a) <br>vigésimo tercero (a) <br>villa <br>viña <br>viñedo <br>viruelas <br>viudo (a) <br>vivir <br>vivo (a) <br>volumen | ||
+ | | valley <br>male <br>neighborhood <br>neighbor, citizen <br>twenty <br>twenty-five <br>twenty-four <br>twenty-two <br>twenty-nine <br>twenty-eight <br>twenty-six <br>twenty-seven <br>twenty-three <br>twenty-one <br>twenty-five <br>twenty-four <br>twenty-two <br>twenty-nine <br>twenty-eight <br>twenty-six <br>twenty-seven <br>twenty-three <br>twenty-one <br>veiling ceremony of bride and groom <br>to sell <br>summer <br>green <br>time, turn, occasion <br>elderly <br>Friday <br>twentieth <br>twenty-fourth <br>twenty-ninth <br>twenty-eighth <br>twenty-first <br>twenty-fifth <br>twenty-second <br>twenty-seventh <br>twenty-sixth <br>twenty-third <br>village, town <br>vineyard <br>vineyard <br>smallpox <br>widower, widow <br>to live <br>alive <br>volume | ||
+ | |} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Y ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | {| width="30%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | | y <br>yerno <br>yo | ||
+ | | and <br>son-in-law <br>I | ||
+ | |} | ||
− | + | ==== Z ==== | |
− | + | {| width="30%" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | |
+ | |- | ||
+ | | zapatero | ||
+ | | shoemaker | ||
+ | |} | ||
− | <br> | + | <br> |
− | + | '''Wiki articles describing online collections are found at:''' | |
− | + | *[[Spain, Cadastre of Marquis of Ensenade (FamilySearch Historical Records)|Spain, Cadastre of the Marquis of Ensenada (FamilySearch Historical Records)]] | |
+ | *[[Spain, Cadiz Passports (FamilySearch Historical Records)|Spain, Cadiz Passports (FamilySearch Historical Records)]] | ||
+ | *[[Spain Catholic Church Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)|Spain Catholic Church Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)]] | ||
+ | *[[Spain, Consular Records of Spaniard Emigrants (FamilySearch Historical Records)|Spain, Consular Records of Spaniard Emigrants (FamilySearch Historical Records)]] | ||
+ | *[[Spain Baptisms (FamilySearch Historical Records)|Spain Baptisms (FamilySearch Historical Records)]] | ||
+ | *[[Spain Deaths (FamilySearch Historical Records)|Spain Deaths (FamilySearch Historical Records)]] | ||
+ | *[[Spain Marriages (FamilySearch Historical Records)|Spain Marriages (FamilySearch Historical Records)]] | ||
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− | [[Category:Word_List]] | + | [[Category:Word_List|Spanish]] [[Category:Spain|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Andorra|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Argentina|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Belize|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Bolivia|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Brazil|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Chile|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Colombia|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Costa_Rica|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Cuba|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Ecuador|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:El_Salvador|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Guam|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Guatemala|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Honduras|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Mexico|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Micronesia,_Federated_States_of|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Nicaragua|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Northern_Mariana_Islands|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Panama|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Paraguay|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Peru|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Philippines|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Puerto_Rico|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:United_States|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Uruguay|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Venezuela|Spanish Genealogy]] [[Category:Western_Sahara|Spanish Genealogy]] |
Revision as of 23:48, 10 July 2013
This list contains Spanish words with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Spanish-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section below.)
Spanish is a Romance language derived from Latin. It is the national language of Spain as well as of most Latin American countries. Spanish is spoken in many parts of the United States, in regions which once were part of Mexico as well as areas where Hispanic immigrants have settled.
Language Characteristics
Spanish words for persons, places, and things (nouns) are classified as masculine or feminine. El (the masculine form of the) is used with masculine words. La (the feminine form of the) is used with feminine words. Masculine words generally end in o, r, l, and ma. Feminine words generally end in a, ión, tad, dad, tud, and umbre. Nouns which end in or are masculine; an a is added to indicate the feminine version.
Most adjectives used to describe nouns are masculine or feminine. Adjectives which end in o are masculine. Feminine adjectives end in a. For example, the married son would be translated as el hijo casado, while the married daughter would be translated as la hija casada.
Variant Forms of Words
In Spanish, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. Who—whose—whom or marry—marries— married are examples of words in English with variant forms. This word list gives the standard form of each Spanish word. As you read Spanish records, you will need to be aware that some words vary with usage.
Plural forms of Spanish words usually add s to the singular noun as well as to the article and adjective. Thus, el abuelo materno (the maternal grandparent) become los abuelos maternos (the maternal grandparents).
Alphabetical Order
Written Spanish uses three letters in addition to the 26 letters used in the English alphabet. These are ñ and the letter combinations ch and ll, which are considered single letters. The letter w, although not part of the Spanish alphabet, is included since it is found in a few names of foreign origin. The following list shows the letters in alphabetical order:
- a, b, c, ch, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, ll, m, n, ñ, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, v, w, x, y, z
This word list follows the standard English alphabetical order.
In Spanish indexes of surnames, it is important to note that prefixes (such as De la Torre) may be ignored in alphabetization. Be sure to search under both parts of a name, for example, De la Torre and Torre, de la.
Accent Marks
Vowels in Spanish can carry an accent mark: á, é, í, ó, and ú. Accent marks do not affect alphabetical order.
Spelling
Although Spanish spelling was standardized in the mid-1700s, scribes usually spelled words the way they sounded. Generally, variations between old and modern spellings should not cause too much trouble for the researcher. In Spanish, the following variations are common:
- ch used for c
- e used for i
- j used for g
- j used for x
- j used for i
- y used for i
- the addition or removal of an h
- the doubling of letters
Examples:
chrisma excrebir lejítimo Méjico domjngo yndio Henrique religiosso |
now written as now written as now written as now written as now written as now written as now written as now written as |
crisma escribir legítimo México domingo indio Enrique religioso |
Additional Resources
This word list includes only the words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use a Spanish-English dictionary. Several Spanish-English dictionaries are available at the Family History Library. These are in the European collection. The call numbers begin with 463.21.
The following dictionary may be helpful in your research:
- Cassell's Spanish-English, English-Spanish Dictionary. New York: Macmillan Publishers, 1978. (FHL book 463.21 C272c 1978.)
Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject section of the Family History Library Catalog under SPANISH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES. Most bookstores also carry inexpensive Spanish-English dictionaries.
Key Words
To find and use specific types of Spanish records, you will need to know some key words in Spanish. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the Spanish words with the same or similar meanings.
For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find Spanish words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined, and other words used in Spanish records to indicate marriage. Variant endings of Spanish words are given in parentheses.
English archive baptism birth burial Catholic church census child christening church records civil registry confirmation day death father husband index marriage military month morning mother name, given name, surname parents parish wife year |
Spanish archivo bautismo, bauticé, bautizado (a), bautismo, crisma nacimiento, nació, nacido (a) entierro, sepultura, entierrado (a), sepultado (a) Iglesia Católica censo, padrón niño (a), hijo (a), párvulo (a), expósito See baptism registros parroquiales Registro Civil confirmación, crisma día muerte, defunción, fallecimiento, óbito, muerto(a), difunto(a), fallecido(a) padre esposo, marido, cónyuge índice matrimonio, casamiento, casé, casado (a) militar, ejército mes mañana madre nombre de pila, nombre de bautismo nombre, apellido padres parroquia esposa, marida, mujer, cónyuge año |
Racial Terminology
In colonial Latin America, racial classification was often recorded in the Catholic parish registers and government documents, often with no degree of accuracy. The meaning of some of these terms may vary in some Spanish-speaking countries.
Classification Negro Negro fino |
Racial Composition African Black Negro (¾) and Spanish (¼) |
General Word List
This general word list includes words commonly seen in genealogical sources. Numbers, months, and days of the week are listed both here and in separate sections prior to this list. Racial terminology is listed separately.
In this list, optional versions of Spanish words or variable endings (such as adjectives and some plural or feminine endings) are given in parentheses. Parentheses in the English column clarify the definition.
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A
Spanish a Aa.M. = abuela materna Aa.P. = abuela paterna abogado abril absceso abuela abuelo abuelos acre acta acuerdo administración adoptado (a) adulterio adúltero (a) agosto agricultor ahí ahogamiento albacea albañil alcalde aldea alemán (a) alfarero algodón algún (o, a) alma alquiler, renta alto (a) altura allá allí amanuense amarillo (a) ambos (as) amigo (a) amo amonestaciones anciano (a) aniversario antepasado (a) anterior antes antiguo (a) anual anuario año aparecer apellido apéndice apodo apostólico (a) aprendiz aproximado (a) aquel (la) aquí árbol árbol genealógico archivo arrendamiento arzobispo ascendiente asilo asma aún auto de fé ayer ayuntamiento azúcar azul |
English to, in, into, on maternal grandmother paternal grandmother lawyer April abscess grandmother grandfather grandparents acre document, record agreement administration adopted adultery adulterer August farmer there drowning executor of estate stonemason mayor village German potter cotton some, someone soul, inhabitant rent high, tall height there there scribe, clerk yellow both friend master, owner marriage banns elderly anniversary ancestor former, previous before old, ancient annual yearbook year to appear surname appendix nickname apostolic apprentice approximate that here tree genealogical tree archive rent archbishop ancestor asylum, shelter asthma still sentence given by the Inquisition yesterday city hall, town government sugar blue |
B
bajo (a) barco barrio bautismo bautizar bebé bendición biblioteca bien bienes bisabuela bisabuelo bisabuelos bisnieta bisnieto bisnietos blanco (a) boca boda brazo bueno (a) búsqueda |
low ship city ward baptism to baptize baby blessing library good, well property, goods, fee great-grandmother great-grandfather great-grandparents great-granddaughter great-grandson great-grandchildren white mouth marriage, wedding arm good research |
C
caballero cabeza cabildo calle camino campesino (a) campo cáncer caña de azúcar capilla cara cárcel carnicero carpintero carretera casa casado (a) casamiento casar, casarse casta castillo catastro catedral católico (a) catorce cazador c.c. = casado con cédula cementerio censo centenario cerca cerrajero certificado cervecero ciego (a) ciento cinco cincuenta ciudad ciudadano (a) clérigo c.m.c.=contrajó matrimonio con cofradía cojo (a) colina colonia colorado (a) comerciante comercio como comunión con concejal concerniente concilio concilio tridentino condado conocido (a) conocido (a) como consanguinidad consejo consorte constipación consumimiento contenido contra contrayente conversión convulsión cónyuge cordelero corriente cosecha criada criatura cristiano (a) cuál cuándo cuarenta cuarto cuarto (a) cuate cuatro cuatrocientos cuenta cumpleaños cuñada cuñado cura curato curia curtidor cuyo (a) |
nobleman, gentleman head town council street road peasant field cancer sugarcane chapel face jail butcher carpenter road house married marriage to marry caste, racial lineage castle land census cathedral Catholic fourteen hunter married to royal decree cemetery census centennial near, approximate locksmith certificate brewer blind one hundred five fifty city citizen clergyman contracted marriage with religious brotherhood, guild lame hill colony red merchant business, commerce as, how communion with councilman concerning council Council of Trent county known, acquaintance known as blood relationship, kinship council spouse, partner constipation consumption contents against contracting party in a marriage conversion convulsion spouse rope maker current harvest maid infant, child Christian which when forty room fourth twin four four hundred account birthday sister-in-law brother-in-law clergyman parish ecclesiastical tribunal tanner whose |
D
data de debilidad década décimo (a) décimoctavo (a) décimocuarto (a) décimonono (a) décimoquinto (a) décimo séptimo (a) décimosexto (a) décimotercero (a) declaración declarado (a) dedo defunción dentición dentro denuncia departamento derecho derrame desacuerdo desavenencia descendiente desconocido (a) descripción desde después detrás diario diarrea diccionario diciembre dicho (a) diecinueve dieciocho dieciseis diecisiete diente diez diezmo difo. = difunto difunto (a) digno (a) diócesis disenteria dispensa divorciado (a) doce documento domicilio domingo don donación donde doña dos doscientos d.s.p. = defunctus sine prole dueño (a) duodécimo |
date of, from, belonging to weakness, disability decade tenth eighteenth fourteenth nineteenth fifteenth seventeenth sixteenth thirteenth declaration declared, stated finger death teething within accusation, denunciation district, department law stroke disagreement disagreement descendant unknown description since after after, behind daily diarrhea dictionary December stated, said, mentioned nineteen eighteen sixteen seventeen tooth ten tithing deceased deceased worthy diocese dysentery exemption, permission divorced twelve document dwelling Sunday Mr. donation where Mrs. two two hundred died without issue owner twelfth |
E
eclesiástico (a) edad ejército él el ella ellos embarazada emigración emigrante empleado (a) encomienda enero enfermedad entierrado (a) entierro entre envejecido (a) epidemia epilepsia era éramos eran eras eres es escarlata esclavitud esclavo escribiente escuela ese (esa) esposo (a) espurio (a) está estación estado estamos están estar este este (a, o) estómago estoy evangélico (a) expósito (a) extracto extranjero (a) extraño (a) |
ecclesiastical age army, military he the (masculine) she they pregnant emigration emigrant employee patronage, land grant January disease buried burial between, among elderly epidemic epilepsy (I, you, he, she, it) was/were (we) were (you, they) were (you) were (you) are (you, he, she, it) are/is scarlet fever slavery slave scribe school that husband, spouse (spouse) illegitimate (you, he, she, it) are/is season state, status (we) are (they, you) are to be east this stomach (I) am evangelical foundling extract foreigner stranger |
F
fábrica fallecer fallecido (a) familia fé febrero fecha feligrés (a) feligresía femenino (a) ferrocarril feudo fichero fiebre tifoidea filiación finado (a) firma flaqueza floresta fondos fortaleza francés (a) frente frontera fue fuego fuente fueron fui fuimos futuro |
factory to die deceased family certificate, faith February date parishioner, resident parish feminine railroad fee card file typhoid fever relationship, military register deceased signature weakness forest, grove funds fortress, strength French front, in front of border (you, he, she, it) were/was fire, hearth fountain, source (you, they) were (I) was (we) were future |
G
gacetero ganado gemelo (a) gemelos (as) genealogía gente gota grande gremio gripe guarda guía |
gazetteer cattle twin twins genealogy people gout great, large brotherhood, guild influenza guard, warden directory, guidebook |
H
h. = hijo hacienda hecho (a) hembra hemorragia heráldica heredero (a) herencia hermana hermandad hermano hermanos herrero hidalgo hidropesía hija hijastra hijastro hijo hijodalgo hijos hinchazón historia h.l. = hijo legítimo h.n. = hijo natural hogar hoja hoja de lámina holandés (a) hombre honesto (a) hora hospedero huérfano (a) |
son estate, farm completed, done female bleeding heraldry heir inheritance sister fraternity brother brothers, siblings blacksmith nobleman dropsy daughter stepdaughter stepson, stepchild on, child nobleman sons, children swelling history legitimate child illegitimate child home page plate (book) Dutch man, husband honest hour innkeeper orphan |
I
I i. = ilegítimo ictericia idioma iglesia Iglesia Católica ilegítimo (a) ill. = ilegítimo impedimento imperio impuesto incógnito (a) índice indígena indigente información matrimonial infrascrito (a) inglés (a) inmigración inmigrante inmoble inmueble ino. = indio intendente intestado (a) intestinos invierno italiano (a) |
and illegitimate jaundice language church Catholic Church illegitimate illegitimate impediment empire tax unknown index indigenous, native, Indian indigent papers relating to a marriage, including banns, declarations, baptismal records, consents, etc. undersigned English immigration immigrant real estate real estate Indian mayor intestate intestines winter Italian |
J
jardinero jesuita jornalero jubilado judío (a) jueves julio junio junto jurado juros |
gardener Jesuit journeyman retired Jewish Thursday July June together juryman annuities, pensions |
L
l., leg. = legítimo la labrador ladrillero lago lechero legajo legal legítimo (a) lengua levante ley liberto (a) libro licencia lícito (a) limosna limpieza de sangre lugar lunes |
legitimate the (feminine) farmer, peasant brick mason, bricklayer lake dairyman bundle of related documents legal legitimate language, tongue east law freed slave book permission legal alms purity of blood, indicating pure Catholic ancestry place Monday |
M
macho madrasta madre madrina maestro maíz mano mañana mapa marido (a) marina marinero martes marzo más masculino (a) más joven más viejo (a) materno (a) matrimonio mayo mayor media noche médico mendigo (a) menonita menor menos mercadería mercado mercante mes mestizo mi miembro miércoles mil milla mina minero ministro mío (a) mismo (a) mitad m.n. = more novo molino montaña monte montero morada morador (a) morar morir mozo (a) muchacho (a) muchas veces mucho (a) mudo (a) muebles muerte muerto (a) mujer mulato (a) municipio |
male stepmother mother godmother master, teacher corn hand morning map husband (wife) navy sailor Tuesday March more masculine youngest eldest maternal marriage May larger, elder midnight doctor beggar Mennonite smaller, younger less wares, goods market merchant month mixture of Spanish and Indian my member Wednesday one thousand mile mine miner minister my same half according to the new manner of dating (the Gregorian calendar) mill mountain hill hunter dwelling resident to live (location) to die youth, young boy, (girl) often many, very dumb furniture, household death deceased woman, wife mulatto municipality |
N
n. = nació, nacido n. = nombre nac. = nacido nacer nacido (a) nacido (a) muerto (a) nacimiento nariz natural natural de nave navio negocio negro (a) nene nieta nieto nietos ningún (o, a) niño (a) no no. = número noble nobleza noche nombre nombre de pila nono (a) norte nosotros notario novecientos noveno (a) noventa novia noviembre novio novios nuera nuestro (a) nueve nuevo (a) num. = número número nunca nupcias |
born name born to be born born stillborn birth nose natural, illegitimate native of ship ship business black baby granddaughter grandson grandchildren none, not one child no number noble nobility night name given or Christian name ninth north we notary nine hundred ninth ninety bride, fiancée November groom, fiancé betrothed daughter-in-law our nine new number number never marriage, wedding |
O
o obispado obispo óbito obligación obrero observaciones occidente octavo (a) octubre ochenta ocho ochocientos oeste oferta oficio ojo óleo once onomástico (a) operario oración oreja orfanato oriente original de oro o.s.p. = obiit sine prole otoño otro (a) |
or bishopric bishop death obligation worker, laborer comments, marginal notes west eighth October eighty eight eight hundred west offering office eye oil eleven onomastic (referring to names) worker, laborer prayer ear orphanage east native of gold died without issue autumn other, another |
P
padrasto padre padres padrino padrinos padrón pag. = página país palacio panadero para pardo (a) parentesco pariente párroco parroquia parroquiano (a) partera partida parto párvulo (a) pasado pastor paterno (a) patrimonio patrón pd. = padre penitenciaria periódico permiso pero pescador peso peste pie pierna plaga plata plaza plazo pleitos población poblado polaco (a) por por qué porque portugués posada posadero preñada presente primavera primero (a) primo (a) prisión proceso profesión profesor (a) progenitor prole propiedad propietario protestante protocolos provincia próximo (a) pueblo puente puerto pulmón pulmonia |
stepfather father, priest parents godfather godparents census, list of persons page country palace baker for, to dark, mulatto kinship relative priest parish parishioner midwife act, certificate birth small child past pastor, minister, shepherd paternal inheritance master, employer father penitentiary periodical, newspaper permission but fisherman weight plague foot leg plague silver public square term lawsuit, court action population, town, village town, village Polish by, for why because Portuguese hostel, shelter innkeeper pregnant present spring first cousin prison trial, lawsuit profession teacher progenitor progeny property, land proprietor, owner Protestant notarial books province next town, village, people bridge port lung pneumonia |
Q
que quien quince quinientos quinto (a) quizás |
that, what who, whom fifteen five hundred fifth maybe |
R
rancho real rebusca reconocimiento regidor registro civil registros registros civiles reina reino religión renta residencia residente retirado (a) retiramiento retrato rey rezo río rito rojo (a) rostro ruso (a) |
ranch royal research recognition, acknowledgment alderman, prefect civil registry records, registers civil records, vital records queen kingdom religion rent residence resident retired retirement portrait king prayer river rite red face Russian |
S
s. = señor sábado sacerdote sacristán sagrado (a) sala san sangradura santo (a) santos óleos sarampión sastre segundo (a) seis seiscientos semana separado (a) septiembre séptimo (a) sepulcro sepultado (a) sepultura ser servicio sesenta setecientos setenta sexo sexto (a) sí si siempre sierra siete siglo sirviente sitio sn. = san sobre sobrenombre sobreviviente sobrina sobrino sociedad solar soldado solemnemente solo soltero (a) somos son sordo (a) soy su (suyo, suya) sud sueco (a) suegra suegro suizo (a) sur |
sir, mister Saturday priest sexton sacred, holy room saint bleeding holy, sacred, saint holy oil measles tailor second six six hundred week separate September seventh grave, sepulchre buried grave, sepulchre to be service, donations sixty seven hundred seventy sex, gender sixth yes if, whether always mountain range seven century servant place, site saint about, above, concerning surname, nickname surviving niece nephew society manor house soldier solemnly only single (we) are (they, you) are deaf (I) am your, his, her, their south Swedish mother-in-law father-in-law Swiss south |
T
talabartero tal vez también tarde tejedor temprano tenemos tener tengo tercero (a) terreno testamento testigo testimonio tía tiempo tiene tienen tintorero tío título todavía todos (as) tomo tonelero tos tos ferina trabajador trece treinta treinta y uno tres trescientos tribunal trigésimo (a) trigésimo primero (a) trigo tuberculosis tumba tumor tutela tutelas |
leather worker maybe also afternoon, late weaver early (we) have to have (I) have third tract of land, field will witness testimony aunt time (you, he, she, it) has (you, they) have dyer uncle title still all, everyone volume cooper cough whooping cough worker, laborer thirteen thirty thirty-one three three hundred court thirtieth thirty-first wheat tuberculosis tomb, grave tumor guardianship records of orphans |
U
último (a) un (uno, una) undécimo (a) |
last one eleventh |
V
valle varón vecindad vecino (a) veinte veinte y cinco, veinte y cuatro veinte y dos veinte y nueve veinte y ocho veinte y seis veinte y siete veinte y tres veinte y uno veinticinco veinticuatro veintidos veintinueve veintiocho veintiseis veintisiete veintitres veintiuno velación vender verano verde vez viejo (a) viernes vigésimo vigésimo cuarto (a) vigésimo nono (a) vigésimo octavo (a) vigésimo primero (a) vigésimo quinto (a) vigésimo segundo (a) vigésimo séptimo (a) vigésimo sexto (a) vigésimo tercero (a) villa viña viñedo viruelas viudo (a) vivir vivo (a) volumen |
valley male neighborhood neighbor, citizen twenty twenty-five twenty-four twenty-two twenty-nine twenty-eight twenty-six twenty-seven twenty-three twenty-one twenty-five twenty-four twenty-two twenty-nine twenty-eight twenty-six twenty-seven twenty-three twenty-one veiling ceremony of bride and groom to sell summer green time, turn, occasion elderly Friday twentieth twenty-fourth twenty-ninth twenty-eighth twenty-first twenty-fifth twenty-second twenty-seventh twenty-sixth twenty-third village, town vineyard vineyard smallpox widower, widow to live alive volume |
Y
y yerno yo |
and son-in-law I |
Z
zapatero | shoemaker |
Wiki articles describing online collections are found at:
- Spain, Cadastre of the Marquis of Ensenada (FamilySearch Historical Records)
- Spain, Cadiz Passports (FamilySearch Historical Records)
- Spain Catholic Church Records (FamilySearch Historical Records)
- Spain, Consular Records of Spaniard Emigrants (FamilySearch Historical Records)
- Spain Baptisms (FamilySearch Historical Records)
- Spain Deaths (FamilySearch Historical Records)
- Spain Marriages (FamilySearch Historical Records)