Czechia Languages

1930 Linguistic Map

Most of the people in the Czech Republic speak the Czech language. Czech is a Slavic language related to Slovak, Polish and Russian. However, Czech was not recognized as an official language until 1877 in Bohemia and 1905 in Moravia. It was seldom used as a written language until the late 1800s. Except for modern records of the 1900s, records in the Czech Republic were written mostly in Latin and German. Other languages sometimes used in Czech records include [[Media:Old_Church_Slavonic_Numbers%2C_Dates%2C_and_Months_by_Matthew_Bialawa.pdf|Old Church Slavonic]], Polish, Hebrew, and Yiddish.

For word lists and help researching in Czech records, see:
 * Czech Republic Genealogical Word List
 * German Genealogical Word List
 * Latin Genealogical Word List
 * Polish Genealogical Word List

Česká abeceda/The Czech Alphabet
A, a, Á, á B, b C, c, Č, č D, d, Ď, ď E, e, É, é, ě F, f G, g H, h Ch, ch I, i, Í, í J, j K, k L, l M, m N, n, Ň, ň O, o, Ó, ó P, p Q, q R, r, Ř, ř S, s, Š, š T, t, Ť, ť U, u, Ú, ú, ů V, v W, w X, x Y, y, Ý, ý Z, z, Ž, ž

The Czech alphabet uses several letters in addition to the 26 letters used in the English alphabet. These are á, č, ď, é, ě, í, ň, ó, ř, š, ť, ú, ů, ý, ž. The letter combination ch is also considered a single letter and is alphabetized after h. Letters q, w, x are used only in words of foreign origin.

Czech dictionaries and indexes use the following alphabetical order:

a,á b  c,č  d,ď  e,é,ě  f  g  h  ch  i,í  j  k  l  m  n,ň  o,ó  p  (q)  r,ř  s,š  t,ť  u,ú,ů  v  (w)  (x)  y,ý  z,ž

Pronunciation
NOTE: the letter combination “CH" is treated as a single character and is alphabetized after the letter “H”

Grammar
Czech language is highly inflective, words may have different endings depending on usage.


 * Josef, syn Antonína Ryby a Anny roz. Novákové = Josef, son of Antonín Ryba and Anna Novaková
 * Manželství mezi Michalem Dostalíkem a Anežkou Marii Seidlerovou = Marriage between Michal Dostalík and Anežka Marie Seidlerová

Language of the Records
A basic knowledge of a few languages is required to read Czech records. Obtain a copy of the various genealogical lists available at the Family History Library or click on the links below.

Reading Old Texts
Here are some letter combinations you may encounter in the old texts and their modern equivalents:

cz read as c or č cž/čz read as č rz/rž read as ř ss read as š g read as j y read as y or j j read as í v read as u (at the beginning of words) ie read as ě au read as ou w read as v

Language Aids
See the examples of the Czech Script Alphabet at a to m n to ž