New Mexico Emigration and Immigration

Online Resources

 * 1500s-1900s All U.S. and Canada, Passenger and Immigration Lists Index, 1500s-1900s at Ancestry; index only ($); Also at MyHeritage; index only ($); includes those with Destination of New Mexico
 * 1895-1956 United States, Border Crossings from Canada, 1895-1956 at MyHeritage; index & images ($); includes those with Destination of New Mexico
 * 1895-1964 All U.S., Border Crossings from Mexico to U.S., 1895-1964 at Ancestry; index & images ($); includes those with Destination of New Mexico
 * 1917-1954 at FamilySearch - How to Use this Collection; index & images
 * 1920-1939 Germany, Bremen Emigration Lists, 1920-1939 at MyHeritage; index only ($); includes those with Destination of New Mexico
 * Germans Immigrating to the United States at MyHeritage; index only ($); includes those with Destination of New Mexico
 * Italians Immigrating to the United States at MyHeritage; index only ($); includes those with Destination of New Mexico
 * Russians Immigrating to the United States at MyHeritage; index only ($); includes those with Destination of New Mexico

History
The earliest non-Indian settlers of New Mexico were the 130 Hispanic families who came into the upper Rio Grande Valley in 1598 on the Camino Real de Tierra Adentro. At the time of the Pueblo revolt of 1680, the New Mexico Spanish population was about 2,500. By 1817, just before Mexican independence, the Spanish population of New Mexico had reached 27,000.

After the United States took control in 1848, immigrants from Mexico settled in the north central part of the state. During the 1900s there was a heavy Hispanic emigration to other states, especially California.

The influx of Anglo-Americans first began about 1850, when the Santa Fe Trail was used by many on their way to the California gold fields. The eastern third of New Mexico was settled after the Civil War by Protestants from Texas. The southwestern corner attracted miners from other states after the coming of the railroads in the 1880s. Colorado ranchers and Latter-day Saint colonists (after 1876) settled the San Juan Valley in the northwest corner of the state.

There has been no port of entry common to settlers of New Mexico. For information on passenger lists, see United States Emigration and Immigration.

The first laws restricting immigration across the Mexican border were enacted in 1903. Records of Mexican border crossings from about 1903 to the mid-1900s are located at the National Archives.

Records of a few ethnic groups such as Italians and Hispanic-Americans are listed in the FamilySearch Catalog under NEW MEXICO - MINORITIES. Many records of American Indians are listed under the same heading. Also see Indians of New Mexico.