Norwegian Genealogical Word List

This Norwegian Word List contains Norwegian words with their English translations. The words included here are those that you are likely to find in genealogical sources. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Norwegian-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section below.)

Norwegian is a Germanic language like Swedish, Danish, and Icelandic. There are two official dialects in Norway. Prior to 1915 most Norwegian records are in a language closer to written Danish than to modern Norwegian. You may also want to refer to the Danish Genealogical Word List.

Records published after 1915, such as family and local histories, are in modern Norwegian. Most differences between modern and old Norwegian are simply a matter of spelling. Carefully study the section below on spelling. This will help you find the words in this list.

LANGUAGE CHARACTERISTICS
Variant Forms of Words

In Norwegian, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. Who—whose—whom or marry—marries— married are examples of words in English with variant forms. The endings of a word in a document may differ from those in this list. For example:

Alphabetical Order
Written Norwegian has three letters not found in the English alphabet: Æ (æ), Ø (ø), and Å (å). In most record sources prior to 1915, Å (å) is written as Aa (aa) and filed at the beginning of the alphabet. Modern Norwegian dictionaries, indexes, the Locality section of the Family History Library Catalog, and this word list use the following alphabetical order:

a b  c  d  e  f  g  h  i  j  k  l  m  n  o  p  q  r  s  t  u  v  w  x  y  z  æ  ø  å

A through C
A

absolvere                          to give absolution adel                                   nobility adelig                                noble adelsmann                         nobleman adoptert                             adopted adresse                              address aften                                  evening alder                                  age alderdomssvakhet             weakness of old age aldri                                   never alle                                    all alltid                                  always almisse                              charity almisselem                        indigent, poor altergang                           communion amt                                    county amtmann                           chief county administrator andre                                 others, other, next anetavle                            pedigree chart anfall                                 seizure, attack anførte                               entered, mentioned ankomst                             arrival anmerkning                       remark, notice, note annen, annet                     second, another annen gang                       second time anno (Latin)                       year annonsere                         publish, announce antall                                 number, count april                                   April arbeider                             laborer arkiv                                   archive arv                                      inheritance arvelodd                             share of inheritance arving                                 heir astma                                  asthma at                                        that atten                                   eighteen attende                               eighteenth attest                                   certificate august                                 August av                                        of, at, by, from avdeling                              part, division avdød                                  deceased avgangen                            departed avgift                                   duty (monetary), fee avkom                                 offspring, issue avtale                                  agreement 

B

'''bakbygning                      back building (additional residence behind the main building) baker                                 baker bakke                                hill bannlyse                            excommunicate baptist                                Baptist bar                                     carried bar barnet                          held child (at baptism font) bare                                   only barn                                   child barna                                 children barndom                            childhood barnebarn                          grandchild barnedåp                           child baptism barnefar                             child’s father barnløs                               childless barsel                                 birth barselfeber                         childbed fever barselseng                          birthing bed be                                       pray, request beboer                                occupant, resident bededag                             prayer day bedrive hor                         commit adultery befolkning                           population, people begge                                  both begivenhet                          event, occurrence begravelse                          funeral, burial begravet                              buried behandle                             handle, treat, manage bemerkning                         remark ben                                      leg, bone benekte                               deny benåde                                pardon beruset                                drunk besetning                            livestock, crew beskrivelse                          description beslektet                              related bestefar                               grandfather besteforeldre                       grandparents bestemor                             grandmother besvangre                           impregnate, get with child, make pregnant betale                                 pay betler                                  beggar bevilge                               grant bevis                                   proof bibliotek                             library bind                                    volume (book) biografi                               biography biskop                                 bishop bispedømme                       diocese bli                                       become blikkenslager                      tinsmith blind                                   blind blod                                    blood blodgang                            dysentery'''

blodskam                           incest blodsott                               abnormal loss of blood during illness bo                                        to live at bodde                                  lived bok                                      book bokhandler                          bookseller bokholder, bokfører             bookkeeper bokstav                                letter, character bolig                                    residence, house bonde                                  farmer bopel                                   residence, domicile borger                                 citizen borgermester                       mayor borgerskap                          citizenship bot                                       fine, penalty brann                                   fire brennevinsbrenner              distiller of spirits brev                                     letter (correspondence) bro                                       bridge bror                                      brother brordatter                             brother’s daughter brorsønn                               brother’s son brud                                      bride brudgom                               bridegroom bruk                                      farm, use brygger                                 brewer bryllup                                  wedding budeie                                  milkmaid buskap                                  livestock, crew by                                          town, city bygd                                      small country community, village bygdebok                              rural chronicles bygsel                                   lease byll                                       abscess byllepest                               plague (bubonic) bære                                     carry bøkker                                   cooper, barrel maker både                                      both, either båret                                      carried båt                                         boat, ship båtbygger                              shipbuilder båtsmann                               boatswain, bosun 

C

cirka                                     approximately communion                           Communion confirmerede                         confirmed copulerede                            marriage 

D through F
D

'''dag                                       day dagen før                               the previous day dagsarbeider                         day laborer dal                                         valley Danmark                                Denmark dannekvinde                          gentlewoman dannemand                           gentleman dansk                                     Danish dato                                       date (noun) datter                                     daughter datterdatter                            daughter’s daughter dattersønn                              daughter’s son datum (Latin)                          date dele                                        to divide, to share dem                                        them, they den                                         the, it, that denne                                     this der                                          there deres                                       their derfor                                      therefore desember                               December det                                          it, that, the difteri                                      diphtheria din                                           your disse                                        these diverse                                    various dokument                                document domkirke                                 cathedral dommer                                   judge dragon                                     dragoon, light cavalryman dreng                                       boy drengebarn                              male child drepe                                       kill dronning                                  queen druknet                                    drowned dydig                                       virtuous dø                                            to die døbt(e)                                     christening død                                          dead, death døde                                        died, death dødfødt                                    stillborn dødsfall                                   death døgn                                        24-hour period of time døpt                                         baptized, christened døtre                                        daughters døv                                          deaf døvstum                                   deaf and dumb dåp                                          baptism dåpsattest                                certificate of baptism dåpsdag                                   day of baptism '''

E

'''efter                                          after efterkommer                              descendant efterlatte                                    surviving, survivors efterlevende                              surviving eftermiddag                               afternoon efternavn                                   surname, last name egen                                          own egentlig                                     actual egteviede                                  marriage eie, eje                                      to own eiendom                                    property, real estate ekte                                           legitimate, to marry ektefelle                                    spouse ektemann                                  husband ektepar                                      married couple ekteskap                                    marriage ekteskapelig                              marital, conjugal ekteviet                                     married eldre                                         older eldst                                          oldest, eldest elev                                           student eller                                          or, or else elleve                                        eleven ellevte                                       eleventh elv                                             river, stream embete                                     public office embetsmann                            public official emigrant                                  emigrant emigrere                                  emigrate en, et                                       a, one enebarn                                   only child engelsk                                    English England                                   England enhver                                     each enke                                        widow enkemann                               widower enkestand                                widowed ennu                                        yet, still epilepsi                                    epilepsy er                                             is, are erhverv                                    livelihood erkjenne                                  acknowledge et                                             a, one etasje                                       floor, story etc. (Latin)                               et cetera, and so on etternavn                                 surname, last evne                                        intelligence '''

F

'''fabrikk                                   factory faddere                                  christening witnesses, godparents fallesyke                                epilepsy falt                                         fall, be killed in war familie                                   family familie                                   historie lineage books far                                          father farfar                                      paternal grandfather farger                                     dyer, tanner farmor                                    paternal grandmother farsot                                      pestilence, plague fartøy                                      vessel, craft fattig                                       poor fattigvesnet                             welfare agency februar                                    February felles                                       common, joint fem                                          five femte                                       fifth femten                                     fifteen femtende                                 fifteenth femti                                        fifty femtiende                                fiftieth fengsel                                    prison festeseddet                              rental contract festning                                   fortress fetter                                       cousin (male) Finnland                                 Finland finsk                                        Finnish fire                                          four fisker                                       fisherman fjell                                         mountain fjerde                                      fourth fjorten                                     fourteen fjortende                                 fourteenth flere                                        several, more flittig                                       diligent flytte                                       move foged, fogd                             bailiff, sheriff folio                                        page (double) folk                                         people folkemengde                          population folkeregister                           citizen register, national register folketelling                             census for                                           for, at, before, by foran                                       in front of forblødning                             bled to death foreldre                                   parents foreldreløs                              orphan forening                                  society forfedre                                   ancestors, forefathers forhenværende                       former, previous, preceding forhus                                     house in front (usually the main house on a farm) forkjølet                                  to have a cold forklaring                                explanation forlate                                     leave, forgive forlovelse                                engagement forlovere                                 marriage witnesses formiddag                               between morning and afternoon formynder                               guardian fornavn                                   first name, given name forpakter                                manager of estate forrige                                    former forstand                                  intellect, mind forstoppelse                           constipation, obstruction forsørges                                supported fortelle                                   tell, relate fortid                                      past forvalter                                 manager foster                                     fetus fosterbarn                              foster child fostre                                     foster, to rear fra                                         from fraflytte                                 leave, move away fraværende                           absent fredag                                   Friday fremmed                               foreign, foreigner fremtid                                  future fru                                         Mrs. fruentimmer                          unmarried mother, female person (derogatory) fruktsommelig                       pregnant frøken                                   Miss full                                        full, complete, drunk fullmektig                             head clerk, agent fylke                                     county fyr                                         lighthouse fæstebrev                             to acquire land føderåd                                support received after giving one’s estate to another føderådskone                       woman receiving support føderådsmann                      man receiving support fødested                               birthplace fødsel                                   birth fødselsattest                         birth certificate fødselsdag                            birthday født(e)                                   born (birth) følgende                               following, next føllaug                                  retired før                                         before første                                    first førti                                      forty førtiende                              fortieth får                                        sheep, receives '''

G through I
G

gammel                              old  gartner                                gardener garver                                 tanner gate                                    street gave                                   gift, endowment geistlig                                ecclesiastical geografisk leksikon             gazetteer gift                                       marriage, married, poison gikt                                      rheumatism gjeld                                    debt gjenlevende                        survivors gjennom                              through gjestgiver                            innkeeper gjet, gjeit                            goat gjeter                                  herdsman gjørtler                                brazier, brass smith god                                     good gods                                    estate godseier                              estate owner gratis                                   free grav                                    grave graver                                 gravedigger, sexton gravlund                             cemetery gravsted                              burial place gren                                    branch grenader                             infantryman grense                                 boundary, border greve                                  Count (nobility) grevinne                             Countess grunn                                  ground, reason gruve                                  mine, pit gruvearbeider                     miner grønn                                  green gudfar                                 godfather gudmor                               godmother gull                                     gold gulsot                                  jaundice gulv                                    floor gutt                                     boy gå                                       go, walk gård                                    farm gårdbruker                          farmer gårdeier                              farm owner gårsdagens                         of yesterday  

 

H

'''ha                                     to have hadde                                had halshugget                        decapitated halv                                   half halvbror                            half brother halvsøster                         half sister ham                                  him han                                   he handelsmann                   merchant, trader hans                                 his hanskemaker                   glove maker har                                   has, have hattemaker                      hatmaker havn                                harbor heller                               rather helligdag                         holiday hengt seg                        hanged himself or herself henne                              her her                                   here Herr                                  Mr. herred                              judicial district Herren                              the Lord hest                                  horse heter                                is named historie                             history hittebarn                          orphan, foundling hjem                                home hjemme                           at home hjemmedøpt                    baptized at home hjemmehørende              residing hjerte                               heart hjertefeil                          heart disease hjul                                  wheel hjulmaker                        wheelwright holde                               hold, stop horeri                              adultery hos                                  with, at hoste                               cough hovedliste                       census list hun                                 she hundre(de)                      hundred (hundredth) hus                                  house husar                               hussar, cavalryman husbonde                        head of household husholderske                   housekeeper husmann                         cottager, tenant farmer husmor                            housewife hustru                              wife hva                                  what hvem                              who hver                                every hvilken                            which hvis                                 if, whose hvit                                  white hvor                                 where hvordan                           how hvorfor                             why hvorvidt                            whether høsten                              in the fall høy                                   tall, high, hay høyre                               right (side) håndarbeide                    handwork håndtering                       occupation håndverk                          trade, handicraft '''

I

i                                      in idiot                                 idiot ifølge                               according to igår                                  yesterday igjen                                again i hjel, slå                          kill ikke                                  not ikke enda                         not yet ild                                     fire imellom                            between, among imorgen                            tomorrow infeksjon                           infection ingen                                 none inn                                     in inne i                                 inside innerst                               renter, innermost innflyttning                        moving in innhold                              content innsitter                              renter innsjø                                 lake innvandring                        immigration intet                                    none introduceret                        introduced Island                                  Iceland islandsk                               Icelandic 

J through L
J

januar                              January jeg                                    I jeger                                 light infantry soldier, hunter jomfru                               damsel, Miss, virgin jordbruk                            farming jordet                                burial jordmor                             midwife jordpåkastelse                  ceremony of sprinkling earth on the coffin jul                                     Christmas juli                                    July juni                                   June jurist                                 lawyer 

K

kallet                               named kanskje                             maybe, perhaps karet                                 coach kart                                   map katolsk                              Catholic kavaleri                            cavalry kemmer                            peddler kikhoste                            whooping cough kirke                                 church kirkebok                           parish register kirkegård                          cemetery, churchyard kirkeværge                       church warden kiste                                  chest, coffin kjent                                  known kjønn                                 sex kjøpe                                buy kjøpmann                         merchant klokker                             sexton, parish clerk, bell ringer, deacon kloster                              convent, monastery kokarde                            insignia kolikk                               colic kommune                        municipality, township kone                                wife konfirmasjon                   confirmation konge                              king kongedømme                  kingdom kongelig                          royal kontor                             office kopper                            smallpox, copper kort                                 short, card kort                                 register card index krampe                           convulsions, spasm kreft                                cancer krig                                 war ku                                   cow kun                                 only kunngjøre                       declare kunnskap                        knowledge kusine                             cousin (female) kusk                                coachman, teamster kveg                                cattle kvele                               choke kvell                                evening kvinne                             woman kvinnekjønn                    female kyllinger                         chickens kår                                  support received after giving one’s estate to another kårkone                          woman who receives kår kårmann                         man who receives kår 

L

la                                  let, allow lagrettemann                 court member land                               country landsby                          village langfredag                     Good Friday laugverge                      widow’s guardian or spokesman legd                               welfare, military levying district legdslem                       welfare recipient leie                                hire, rent leier                               tenant leilending                      leaseholder lejermål                         illicit and punishable intercourse lenge                             long lensmann                       sheriff lese                                read leve                                live levende                          live, living lignende                         same, alike, similar lik                                   corpse, alike likeledes                        also, as well lille                                small lite (litt)                          little liten                               little, small liv                                  life los                                 pilot (ship) losjerende                     boarder, lodger lov                                 law lovlig                             legal lungebetendelse           pneumonia luteraner                       Lutheran lysning                          post banns lysninger                       banns læregutt                        apprentice lærer                             teacher (male) lærerinne                      teacher (female) lærling                          apprentice løpenummer                 serial number lørdag                           Saturday løsaktig                         loose or immoral woman løsarbeider                   day laborer 

M through O
M

magesyke                        diarrhea, stomach ailment mai                                   May maler                                painter mandag                            Monday mange                              many mann                                man, husband mannkjønn                       male mark                                 field mars                                 March matrikkel                          land registration matros                              sailor med                                  with medhjelper                      assistant, helper medlem                           member med videre                      (Latin) et cetera, and so on meg                                 me mellom                            middle mellombygning               middle building men                                 but mer                                  more, additional meslinger                        measles messingsmed                   brazier, brass smith mester                              master (of a trade) midlertidig                       temporarily midnatt                            midnight mil metric                        mile (ten kilometers) militær                             military min mine                         (belongs to me) mindre                             lesser minearbeider                   miner minste                              smallest, youngest minutt                              minute modig                              courageous, brave mor                                  mother mord                                murder morfar                              maternal grandfather morgen                            morning mormor                            maternal grandmother motta                                receive murer                               mason musiker                            musician m.v. (Latin)                      See med videre myndig                             of age møbelsnekker                  furniture maker møller                              miller måned                             month 

N

nabo                               neighbor nadverd                           Communion, sacrament natt                                  night navn                                name nedbrent                         burned down nei                                  no neste                              next, neighbor neste år                          next year nevø                               nephew ni                                    nine niende                            ninth niese                              niece nitten                              nineteen nittende                          nineteenth nitti                                 ninety nittiende                         ninetieth noen                               some, any nord                                north november                       November nu, nå                             now nulevende                      living null                                 zero nummer                          number ny                                   new nyfødt                             newborn nylig                               lately nyttår                              new year nær                                 near, close næringsvei                      livelihood, trade nå, nu                              now når                                   when, if, reach 

O

'''odel                                birthright or allodial ownership ofte                                  often og                                    and oktober                            October oldebarn                          great-grandchild oldefar                             great-grandfather oldeforeldre                     great-grandparents oldemor                           great-grandmother om                                   if, about omegn                            neighboring places omtrent                           about, almost, nearly omvendelse                    conversion onkel                               uncle onsdag                            Wednesday opp                                  up oppe                                above, upstairs oppfostre                         foster, to rear oppholdsted                    residence opptegnelse                    record ordbok                            dictionary ordfører                          mayor oss                                  us osv. et cetera, and so on over                               over overlevende                   survivors overtredelse                   transgression '''

P through S
P

pagina (Latin)                  page pallask                              sword pantebok                          mortgage record parsell                              plot of land, allotment parykkmaker                    wigmaker penger                             money pensjon                            pension pensjonist                        retired person person                             person pest                                 plague pike (pige)                       girl, maid pikebarn                          female child pikenavn                         maiden name, girl’s name pinse                               Pentecost pleiebarn                        foster child pleiedatter                      foster daughter pleiefar                           foster father pleieforeldre                   foster parents pleiemor                         foster mother pleiesønn                        foster son pottemaker                      potter preke                               preach prest                                minister, priest prestegjeld                      clerical district prestekontor                    parish office prins                                prince prinsesse                         princess på                                    on, at, upon påske                              Easter 

R

register                           index, register regjering                         government regning                            bill regnskap                          account reise                                 travel religion                             religion repslager                          rope maker rett                                    court (noun), correct rettferdig                           just, righteous ridder                                knight rik                                     wealthy riktig                                 correct rundt                                 around rytter                                 cavalryman rådmann                           councilman 

S

'''sa                                     said, stated sabbat                              Sabbath sakrament                        sacrament salig                                 deceased, holy, blessed salmaker                          saddler samfunn                           society samleie                            intercourse samme                             same samme dag                      the same day sammen                           together sammesteds                     in the same place samtlige                           all samtykke                          consent sau                                   sheep seg                                   oneself seks                                  six seksten                             sixteen sekstende                         sixteenth seksti                                sixty sekstiende                        sixtieth selv                                   self selveier                             owner, freeholder selvmord                           suicide senere                               later seng                                  bed sengeliggende                  bedridden separeret                           separated september                        September side                                   page, side sidehus                             side house siden                                since, later sin, sitt, sine                     his, hers, its sinnsvak                           insane, retarded sinnsyk                             mentally ill siste                                  last, latter siste olje                           last rites sjette                                 sixth sju (syv)                             seven sjuende (syvende)             seventh sjø                                     sea, lake sjømann                            sailor, seaman skaberak                           elaborate horse blanket skal                                   shall, must skarlagensfeber                scarlet fever skatt                                  tax skibsfører                          ship’s captain skifte                                 probate skifteprotokoll                   probate record book skifteretten                        probate court skilsmisse                          divorce skilt                                    divorced skiløper                              infantry soldier on skis, skier skjedde                              happened skjøte                                 deed (property) skog                                   forest skole                                  school skomaker                           shoemaker skredder                             tailor skriver                                scribe skulle                                 should slag                                    strike, blow, stroke slakter                                butcher slekt                                   relatives, family, lineage slektninger                         relatives slektsforskning                   genealogy slektshistorie                      family history, lineage books slektsvåpen                        coat of arms slå                                      ihjel kill smed                                  smith snart                                   soon snekker                              cabinetmaker, carpenter sogn                                   parish soldat                                 soldier sorenskriver                       magistrate, probate judge sort                                     black spebarn                              infant, baby spillemann                         musician, fiddler stabbur                               storehouse on pillars stamtavle                           descendancy chart stand                                  social position stebarn                               stepchild stebror                                stepbrother sted place stedatter stepdaughter stefar stepfather steinhogger stonecutter stemor stepmother stesønn stepson stilling status, position, office stor large straff punishment straks right away, immediately stum mute (can’t speak) summa (Latin) totals summarisk statistical, summary svak weak svakhet weakness svart black svenn journeyman svensk Swedish Sverige Sweden svigerdatter daughter-in-law svigerfar father-in-law svigerinne sister-in-law svigermor mother-in-law svigersønn son-in-law svoger brother-in-law svulst tumor syd south sydlig southern syerske seamstress syk sick sykdom disease sypike seamstress sytten seventeen syttende seventeenth sytti seventy syttiende seventieth syv (sju) seven syvende (sjuende) seventh sølv silver søndag Sunday sønn son sønnedatter son’s daughter sønnesøn son’s son sør south søsken siblings søster sister søstersønn sister’s son så saw (see), so, if so, sow (seed) sådan such således thus, in this or that '''

T through V
 T 

tak roof takk thank you takksigelse thanksgiving tall number, count tambur drummer (soldier) tante aunt testamente last will ti ten tid time tidlig early tidsperiode period of time tidsskrift periodical tiende tenth, tithing tigger beggar til to, until, for tillatelse dispensation, permission time hour tippoldefar great-great-grandfather tippoldemor great-great-grandmother tirsdag Tuesday tittel title tjene serve, work tjeneste service tjenestedreng servant, employee, male tjenestepige servant, employee, female tjue (tyve) twenty tjueannen twenty-second tjueen twenty-one tjuefem twenty-five tjuefire twenty-four tjuefjerde twenty-fourth tjueførste twenty-first tjuende (tyvende) twentieth tjueni(ende) twenty-nine (twenty-ninth) tjueseks twenty-six tjuesjette twenty-sixth tjuesju(ende) twenty-seven(th) tjuetemte twenty-fifth tjueto twenty-two tjuetre(dje) twenty-three (twenty-third) tjueåtte(nde) twenty-eight (twenty-eighth) to two tohundre two hundred tollbetjent customs officer tolv twelve tolvte twelfth torsdag Thursday tre three tredevte (trettiende) thirtieth tredje third tredve (tretti) thirty tretten(de) thirteen (thirteenth) trettien(de) thirty-one (thirty-first) trettiførste thirty-first trolovelse engagement trolovet engaged trosbekjennelse creed trossamfunn religion tuberkulose consumption, tuberculosis tukthus prison tusen(de) thousand(th) tvangsarbeide hard labor, compulsory labor tvilling twin tyfus typhoid fever tysk German Tyskland Germany tyv thief tyve (tjue) twenty tyvende (tjvende) twentieth tæring tuberculosis tømmermann carpenter, framer, ship’s carpenter tønne barrel 

U

udøpt unbaptized uekte illegitimate ugift unmarried uke week ukjent unknown, foreign ulovlig illegal ulykke accident umoralsk immoral umyndig under legal age under under, below underholde support underskrevne the undersigned underskrift signature undertegnet signed ung young ungkarl bachelor unntatt except uskyldig innocent ussel miserable, poor usømmelig indecent utdrag extract uten without utenfor outside of utfattog destitute, penniless utflyttning moving out utføre perform, do utgi publish uti at, in utlagt named as, alleged utlandet foreign country utukt lechery, fornication utvandre emigrate utvandrer emigrant utvandring emigration 

V

vaccinerede vaccination vaksinert vaccination, vaccinated vanfør crippled, disabled vanskapt deformed, handicapped var was, were vattersot dropsy ved at, by vedkommende person concerned ved siden av next to velstand prosperity venn friend venstre left (side) verge guardian verneplikt military duty vertshus inn vest west vever weaver vielse marriage, wedding vielsesattest marriage certificate viet married vitne witness vitnesbyrd testimony vogn carriage, wagon, vehicle vognmann coachman voldta rape værdig worthy være be vår our våren in the spring   

Y through Å
 Y 

yngre younger yngst youngest yrke profession  

Æ

ærbødig respectful ære honor ærlig honest ættegransking genealogy 

Ø

øde desolate, waste ødelegge destroy ødemark wasteland, wilderness ønske wish, desire, want øre ear øst east øvre upper øy island øye, øie eye 

Å

ånd spirit åndsvak mentally deficient år year århundre century årlig annual, yearly årsak cause, reason åsted where event took place (place of event) åtte eight åttende eighth åtti eighty åttiede eightieth   

Spelling
Spelling was not standardized when most early records were made. The following spelling variations are common:

Examples:

"gjørtler" spelled as "giørtler" "mann" spelled as "mand" "kvinne" spelled as "quinde"

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
This word list includes only words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use a Norwegian-English dictionary. Several Norwegian-English dictionaries are available at the Family History Library. These are in the Scandinavian collection. Their call numbers begin with 439.82321. Family History Centers can obtain the following dictionaries on microfilm:

Scavenius, H. Glydendals Ordbøker; Norsk-Engelsk [Gyldendal’s Dictionaries; Norwegian-English]. Oslo, Norway: Gyldendal Norsk Forlag, 1945. (FHL film 1,224,705, item 4).

cavenius, H. Glydendals Ordbøker; Engelsk-Norsk [Glydendal’s Dictionaries; English-Norwegian]. Oslo, Norway: Gyldendal Norsk Forlag, 1945. (FHL film 1,224,705, item 3). Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject section of the Family History Library Catalog under NORWEGIAN LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES and in the Locality section under NORWAY - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES.

KEY WORDS
In order to find and use specific types of Norwegian records, you will need to know some key words in Norwegian. This section lists key genealogical terms in English and the Norwegian words with the same or similar meanings.

For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find Norwegian words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined, and other words used in Norwegian records to indicate marriage.