Cochise County, Arizona Genealogy

United States &gt; Arizona &gt; Cochise County

County Courthouse
County Courthouse (County Seat: Bisbee, Arizona) 100 Quality Hill Road, Bisbee, AZ 85603 Phone: (520) 432-8570 Website: http://cochise.az.gov

"The main office in Bisbee is the records repository. We are open from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Friday, except for government holidays. Many of our older records are stored in an upstairs Archives Section. There may be a wait of up to an hour when asked to retrieve these records so please be prepared for this."

Cochise County Clerk (Marriage, Divorce &amp; Probate Records) Denise I. Lundin Email: [mailto:dlundin@courts.az.gov dlundin@courts.az.gov] P.O. Box CK Bisbee, AZ 85603 Phone: 520-432-8570 Fax: 520-432-4850

Cochise County Recorder (Land Records) Christine Rhodes Email: [mailto:recorder@cochise.az.gov recorder@cochise.az.gov] 1415 Melody Lane Bldg. B Bisbee, AZ 85603 Phone: (520) 432-8350 Fax: (520) 432-8368

"Instruments recorded include real estate transactions, mortgages, deed of trust, family trusts, personal property, tax liens, mining locations, subdivision plats, records of survey, military discharges, official appointments of office, and other documents required to be made of public record. The second major duty concerns elections since the County Recorder is also the registrar of voters for the county. This involves maintaining the county register, conducting early voting, verifying petition signatures, lists for political parties and candidates, and jury lists."

Parent County
1881--Cochise County was created 1 February 1881 from Pima County. County seat: Bisbee

“Cochise County is one of only three counties in the State without an Indian Reservation. The County is comprised of 6,251 square miles, with the City of Bisbee serving as the County seat since 1929.”

Arizona Genealogy and History, Cochise County History.

Neighboring Counties

 * Graham
 * Greenlee
 * Hidalgo County, New Mexico
 * Pima
 * Santa Cruz

Biographies
Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records, Biographical Index Search

Cemeteries
The Bisbee Mining &amp; Historical Museum web site has a searchable database of Evergreen Cemetery.

Cochise Genealogical Society, cemeteries with transcriptions, Cemeteries of Cochise County

Cochise Genealogical Society, Mortuary &amp; Cemetery Locations

Tombstones &amp; Obituaries
ArizonaGravestones.org, Arizona Gravestone Photos (Database &amp; Images)

Arizona Obituaries and Old News

McNeal Cemetery - Images of tombstones for burials in this cemetery. This is most likely not a complete list of burials.

Census
Cochise Genealogical Society, Early School Census Records

Cochise Genealogical Society:

1864 Territorial Census (A-Z)

Names Beginning With: A, B, C, D-F, G, H-K, L, M-Mi, Mo-O, P-Ri, Ro-Rz, S, T-W, X-Z

The 1890 Territorial Great Register (A-Z)

Names Beginning With: A-E, F-K, L-R, S-Z

Paper copies of specific pages of the Federal population census can be ordered through the National Archives in Washington, DC either online (using NARA's Microfilm Catalog) or you can download the NATF Form 82, print it, and send it through the mail.

How to Use NARA's Census Microfilm Catalogs

Churches
LDS Ward and Branch Records: Bisbee, Douglas, Miramonte, Pomerone, St. David, San Pedro and Whitewater.

Court System
Justice Court No. 1 (Bisbee) 207 N. Judd Dr., Bisbee, Arizona 85603 Phone: 520-432-9540

Justice Court No. 2 (Douglas) 661 G Ave., Douglas, Arizona 85607 Phone: 520-805-5640

Justice Court No. 3 (Benson) 126 W. 5th Street, Ste. 1, Benson, Arizona 85602 Phone: 520-586-8100

Justice Court No. 4 (Willcox) 450 S. Haskell Ave., Willcox, Arizona 85644 Phone: 520-384-7000

Justice Court No. 5 (Sierra Vista) 100 Colonia De Salud, Ste. 108, Sierra Vista, Arizona Phone: 520-803-3800

Justice Court No. 6 (Bowie) 201 N. Central Ave., Bowie, Arizona 85605 Phone: 520-847-2303

Superior Court Divisions I-III (Bisbee) 100 Quality Hill, 1st Floor, Bisbee, Arizona 85603 Phone: 520-432-8520

Superior Court Division IV (Sierra Vista) 100 Colonia De Salud, Suite 108, Sierra Vista, Arizona Phone: 520-803-3800

Superior Court Division V (Bisbee) 4 Ledge Ave., 2nd Floor, Bisbee, Arizona 85603 Phone: 520-432-8480 "Cochise County’s records date back to Territorial days when it was carved out of a portion of Pima County on February 1, 1881. Records are available for you to research in person, free of charge at the courthouse in Bisbee. If you want the Clerk’s office to research a record for you it will cost $26.00 for each search request (Arizona law governs our fees). Our records index is available electronically, for certain case types, dating back to 1996. If you find your case number or book and page number for a marriage record it will save you $26.00 in research fees."

Public Access to Court Information - Case Search http://apps.supremecourt.az.gov/publicaccess/

Immigration
Arizona USGenWeb Archives, Cochise County Naturalizations - Declarations of Intent 1881-1897

National Archives and Records Administration has microfilm publications related to Mexican Border Crossing Records for Arizona and a few other states.

Arizona Ports

Ajo Arizona

'' A3377, Manifests of Alien Arrivals at Ajo, Lukeville, and Sonoyta (Sonoita), Arizona, Jan. 1919-Dec. 1952, and at Los Ebanos, Texas, Dec. 1950-May 1955 (2 rolls) '' - "Contains over 6,400 alien arrivals at these Arizona ports of entry. Arrivals at Ajo are interfiled with those from Lukeville and Sonoyta (Sonoita) on rolls 1 and 2 in four record series: (1) index to manifests of aliens admitted for permanent residence, Jan. 1919-June 1924; (2) manifests of aliens admitted for permanent residence, Jan. 1919-June 1924; (3) manifests of aliens admitted for permanent residence and aliens readmitted as returning U.S. residents, July 1924-ca. Dec. 1952; and (4) manifests of aliens admitted temporarily, July 1924-ca. Dec. 1952. Series 1, 3, and 4 are alphabetically arranged. Series 2 is chronologically arranged, but is indexed by Series 1."

Aros Ranch, Arizona

 A3365, Lists of Aliens Arriving at Brownsville, Del Rio, Eagle Pass, El Paso, Laredo, Presidio, Rio Grande City, and Roma, Texas, May 1903-June 1909, and at Aros Ranch, Douglas, Lochiel, Naco, and Nogales, Arizona, July 1906-December 1910 (5 rolls)  - "Contains lists arranged chronologically by quarter-year, then by port of arrival. Arrivals at Aros Ranch, Feb.-Sept. 1908 and Jan.-Mar. 1909, are on rolls 3 and 4."

Douglas, Arizona

 M1759, Nonstatistical Manifests and Statistical Index Cards of Aliens Arriving at Douglas, Arizona, July 1908-December 1952 (4 rolls)  - "Contains over 43,000 alphabetically-arranged records."

Lochiel, Arizona

 A3365, Lists of Aliens Arriving at Brownsville, Del Rio, Eagle Pass, El Paso, Laredo, Presidio, Rio Grande City, and Roma, Texas, May 1903-June 1909, and at Aros Ranch, Douglas, Lochiel, Naco, and Nogales, Arizona, July 1906-December 1910 (5 rolls)  - "Contains lists arranged chronologically by quarter-year, then by port of arrival. Arrivals at Lochiel, July-Dec. 1908, are on rolls 3 and 4."

Lukeville, Arizona 

'' A3377, Manifests of Alien Arrivals at Ajo, Lukeville, and Sonoyta (Sonoita), Arizona, Jan. 1919-Dec. 1952, and at Los Ebanos, Texas, Dec. 1950-May 1955 (2 rolls) '' - "Contains over 6,400 alien arrivals at these Arizona ports of entry. Arrivals at Lukeville are interfiled with those from Ajo and Sonoyta (Sonoita) on rolls 1 and 2 in four record series: (1) index to manifests of aliens admitted for permanent residence, Jan. 1919-June 1924; (2) manifests of aliens admitted for permanent residence, Jan. 1919-June 1924; (3) manifests of aliens admitted for permanent residence and aliens readmitted as returning U.S. residents, July 1924-ca. Dec. 1952; and (4) manifests of aliens admitted temporarily, July 1924-ca. Dec. 1952. Series 1, 3, and 4 are alphabetically arranged. Series 2 is chronologically arranged, but is indexed by Series 1."

Naco, Arizona

 A3365, Lists of Aliens Arriving at Brownsville, Del Rio, Eagle Pass, El Paso, Laredo, Presidio, Rio Grande City, and Roma, Texas, May 1903-June 1909, and at Aros Ranch, Douglas, Lochiel, Naco, and Nogales, Arizona, July 1906-December 1910 (5 rolls)  - "Contains lists arranged chronologically by quarter-year, then by port of arrival. Arrivals at Naco, July 1906-June 1909, are on rolls 1 through 5."

 A3372, Manifests of Alien Arrivals at Naco, Arizona, 1908-1952 (18 rolls)  - "Reproduces over 105,000 index cards and related manifests in four record series: (1) index to statistical manifests, nonstatistical manifests, and agricultural laborer manifests (all interfiled), 1908-1924; (2) statistical manifests, May 1908-June 1924; (3) manifests of aliens admitted for permanent residence, July 1924-ca. Dec. 1952; and (4) manifests of aliens admitted temporarily, July 1924-ca. Dec. 1952. Series 1, 3, and 4 are alphabetically arranged. Series 2 is chronologically arranged but is indexed by Series 1."

Nogales, Arizona

 A3365, Lists of Aliens Arriving at Brownsville, Del Rio, Eagle Pass, El Paso, Laredo, Presidio, Rio Grande City, and Roma, Texas, May 1903-June 1909, and at Aros Ranch, Douglas, Lochiel, Naco, and Nogales, Arizona, July 1906-December 1910 (5 rolls)  - "Contains lists arranged chronologically by quarter-year, then by port of arrival. Arrivals at Nogales, Sept. 1906-June 1909, are on rolls 1 through 5."

 M1769, Index and Manifests of Alien Arrivals at Nogales, Arizona, 1905-1952 (74 rolls)  - "Reproduces over 455,000 manifests and related index cards of alien arrivals in four record series: (1) index to statistical manifests interfiled with nonstatistical manifests, ca. 1905-ca. 1926; (2) statistical manifests, July 5, 1905-Oct. 1924; (3) aliens admitted for permanent residence and applications for resident alien border crossing identification cards, July 1924-1952; and (4) aliens admitted for temporary visits, 1927-1952. Series 1, 3, and 4 are alphabetically arranged. Series 2 is chronologically arranged but is indexed by Series 1."

San Luis, Arizona 

 M1504, Manifests and Alien Arrivals at San Luis, Arizona, July 24, 1929-December 1952 (2 rolls)  - "Reproduces over 7,900 records of arrival manifests in two alphabetically-arranged record series: (1) aliens admitted for permanent residence and (2) aliens admitted for temporary visits."

Sasabe/San Fernando, Arizona

 M1850, Index and Manifests of Alien Arrivals at Sasabe/San Fernando, Arizona, 1919-1952 (3 rolls)  - "Contains over 7,500 arrivals in five record series: (1) index to statistical manifests, Jan. 1, 1919-June 30, 1924; (2) statistical and permanent manifests, Jan. 1, 1919-June 30, 1924; (3) manifests of aliens readmitted as returning U.S. residents, July 1, 1924-1952; (4) nonstatistical and temporary manifests, 1927-1952; and (5) statistical and permanent manifests, 1919. Series 1, 3, and 4 are alphabetically-arranged; series 2 is chronologically-arranged but indexed by series 1; and series 5 is unarranged."

Sonoyta (Sonoita), Arizona 

'' A3377, Manifests of Alien Arrivals at Ajo, Lukeville, and Sonoyta (Sonoita), Arizona, Jan. 1919-Dec. 1952, and at Los Ebanos, Texas, Dec. 1950-May 1955 (2 rolls) ''- "Contains over 6,400 alien arrivals at these Arizona ports of entry. Arrivals at Sonoyta (Sonoita) are interfiled with those from Ajo and Lukeville on rolls 1 and 2 in four record series: (1) index to manifests of aliens admitted for permanent residence, Jan. 1919-June 1924; (2) manifests of aliens admitted for permanent residence, Jan. 1919-June 1924; (3) manifests of aliens admitted for permanent residence and aliens readmitted as returning U.S. residents, July 1924-ca. Dec. 1952; and (4) manifests of aliens admitted temporarily, July 1924-ca. Dec. 1952. Series 1, 3, and 4 are alphabetically arranged. Series 2 is chronologically arranged, but is indexed by Series 1."

Land
Bureau of Land Management Land Patent Search

Bureau of Land Management Survey Search

Local Histories
 City of Willcox 

Klump, Kathy, and Peta-Anne Tenney for the Sulphur Springs Valley Historical Society. Images of America: Willcox. Arcadia Publishing, 2009.

Schultz, Vernon B. Southwestern Town: The Story of Willcox, Arizona. Fabe Litho, Ltd., 1994.

Newspapers
Arizona Range News (Willcox, Arizona) 122 S. Haskell (85643), P.O. Box 1155, Willcox, AZ 85644 Phone: (520) 384-3571 Fax: (520) 384-3572 E-Mail: [mailto:rangenews@willcoxrangenews.com rangenews@willcoxrangenews.com] Office Hours: Monday-Thursday, 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. and Friday, 8 a.m. to noon Website: http://www.willcoxrangenews.com/

Douglas Dispatch (Douglas, Arizona) 530 E 11th Street, Douglas AZ 85607 Website: http://www.douglasdispatch.com/ Phone: (520) 364-3424 Fax: (520) 364-6750

Ancestry.com has a searchable database for the Douglas Dispatch ($Paid Subscription Necessary)

San Pedro Valley News-Sun (Benson, Arizona) 200 S. Ocotillo Ave., P.O. Box 1000, Benson, AZ 85602 Phone: (520) 586-3382 Fax: (520) 586-2382 E-Mail: [mailto:newssun@bensonnews-sun.com newssun@bensonnews-sun.com] Office Hours: Monday-Thursday, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Website: http://www.bensonnews-sun.com/

Sierra Vista Herald (Sierra Vista, Arizona) 102 Fab Ave., Sierra Vista, AZ 85635 Phone: 520-458-9440 Website: http://www.svherald.com/

Tombstone News (Tombstone, Arizona) P.O. Box 1760, Tombstone, Arizona 85638 Phone: 520-457-3086 Fax: 520-457-3126 Email: [mailto:editor@thetombstonenews.com editor@thetombstonenews.com] Website: http://www.thetombstonenews.com/

Probate
Cochise County Clerk (Marriage, Divorce &amp; Probate Records)

Publications
The Cochise County Historical Journal

The Cochise County Quarterlies &amp; Historical Journals 1971 – 2003 (PDF) Available through the Cochise County Historical Society )

Research Guides
BYU Family History Library, Family History &amp; Genealogy Resources, Research Outlines, Arizona (PDF).

Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records, Law &amp; Research Library Division, "How do I...? Selection of Research Guides"

State Archives
Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records Hours &amp; Locations: http://www.lib.az.us/about/hours.aspx Contact/Agency Divisions: http://www.lib.az.us/contactus/

What to expect at the State Archives (PDF)

Partial list of records for Cochise County, held at the Arizona State Archives

Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records Online Databases &amp; Digital Collections


 * Arizona Memory Project (Arizona Archives Historic Photographs, Contributed by Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records)
 * Biographical Database
 * Collections at the Arizona State Archives
 * Cultural Inventory Project
 * Finding Aids and Inventories
 * Historical Photograph Collections
 * History &amp; Archives, Genealogical Resources (Family History)
 * Map Collections (Use Online Library Catalog to search)
 * Partial List of Records For Each County
 * Private Manuscript Collections
 * Photograph Search Page
 * Services to Genealogists and Historical Researchers
 * The Arizona Collection (Use Online Library Catalog to search)
 * ASL - Law &amp; Research Library


 * Law and Research Library Collections
 * Location Guides and Contact Information
 * Genealogy Collection
 * Overview of Genealogy Collection
 * [Classifications Used for the Genealogy Collection]
 * Selected Federal Publication of Interest to Genealogists

Vital Records
Cochise County Clerk (Marriage, Divorce &amp; Probate Records)

Birth and Death Records Birth prior to 1927: Arizona State History and Archives

Birth after 1927: Department of Health Services, Arizona State Vital Records Search

Death prior to 1952: Arizona State History and Archives

Death after 1952: Department of Health Services, Arizona State Vital Records Search

A large number of marriages for this county are listed here: Western States Marriage Index.

Cochise County Marriages, Created by the Sierra Vista Genealogical Society &amp; Shared with the Cochise Genealogical Society:

Cochise County Marriages, 1880-1890

Cochise County Marriages, 1889-1893

Cochise County Marriages, 1893-1901

Brides - A-B, C-D, E-G, H-K, L-Mi, Mo-Q, R-Sm, Sn-Z

Grooms - A-B, C-E, F-G, H-K, L-Mi, Mo-Q, R-Sm, Sn-Z

Cochise County Marriages, 1911-1920

Brides - A-B, C-D, E-G, H-K, L-Mi, Mo-Q, R-Sm, Sn-Z

Grooms - A-B, C-E, F-G, H-K, L-Mi, Mo-Q, R-Sm, Sn-Z

Cochise County Marriages, 1927-1963

Brides - A, B-Bo, Br-Bz, C-Com, Con-Cz, D, E-F, G, H, I-K, L, M-Mc, Me-Mz N-Pep, Per-Rey, Rh-Rz, S-Sl, Sm-Sz, T-Van, Var-Wik, Wi-Z

Grooms - A, B-Bos, Bot-Car, Cas-Cor, Cos-Dr, Du-Fl, Fo-Gom, Gon-Har, H-I, J-K, L, M-Mc, Me-Mo, Mu-Par, Pat-Raw, Ray-Roz, Ru-Sik, Sil-Tar, Tat-Vau, Ve-Wh, Wi-Z

Arizona Department of Health Services, Arizona Genealogy Birth and Death Certificates (Database &amp; Images)

FamilySearch Record Search, Arizona Deaths, 1870-1951

FamilySearch Record Search, Arizona Births and Christenings, 1909-1917

FamilySearch Record Search, Arizona Deaths and Burials, 1910-1911; 1933-1994

FamilySearch Record Search, Arizona Marriages, 1888-1908

Genealogical &amp; Historical Societies
Arizona Historical Society  Locations in Flagstaff, Tempe, Tucson, and Yuma Website: http://www.arizonahistoricalsociety.org/

Arizona State Genealogical Society P. O. Box 42075 Tucson, AZ 85733-2075 Website: http://azsgs.org/

Arizona Genealogical Advisory Board Phone: 1-800-255-5841 (Arizona State Library - Ask for Betsy Howard) Helen Seaton - President Email: [mailto:helen.seaton@asu.edu helen.seaton@asu.edu] Website: http://www.azgab.org/

Cochise Genealogical Society Douglas-Williams House 1001 Ave. D, Douglas, Arizona 85608 DISBANDED. “The Cochise County Historical Society may be able to help.” Website: http://www.mycochise.com/

Cochise County Historical Society Contact: Nery Burnett Douglas-Williams House, 1001 Ave. D, Douglas, Arizona 85608 Mailing: P.O. Box 818, Douglas, AZ 88608-0818 Phone: 520-364-5226 Website: http://www.cochisecountyhistory.org/

Sulphur Springs Valley Historical Society Contact: Kathy Klump 127 E. Maley, Willcox, AZ 85643 Phone: 520-384-3971 Email: [mailto:ssvhs@ssvecnet.com ssvhs@ssvecnet.com]

The Family History Society of Arizona P.O. Box 63094 Phoenix, AZ 85082-3094 Website: http://www.fhsa.org/

The Ninth Judicial Circuit Historical Society (NJCHS) Website: http://www.njchs.org/ 

Family History Centers
Bisbee Family History Center  Melody Ln Bisbee, Cochise, Arizona, United States Phone: 520-432-3122 Hours: W 3pm-7pm; all other days by appt

Douglas Family History Center  2800 15th St Douglas, Cochise, Arizona, United States Phone: 520-364-8075 Hours: M-T,Th-F by request; W 6pm-8pm

St. David Family History Center 481 N Pomerene Rd Benson, Cochise, Arizona, United States Phone: 520-586-2301 Hours: T 10am-5pm; W 6pm-8:00pm; Th 10am-8:00pm; Sat 10am-1pm

Sierra Vista Family History Center  115 North HWY 90 Sierra Vista, Cochise, Arizona, United States Phone: 520-459-1284 Hours: T-W 10am-2pm; Thu 10am-9pm; Sat 12pm-4pm Closed: Sunday, Monday, Friday

Sunsites Family History Center 206 Ford Street Sunsites, Cochise, Arizona, United States Phone: 520-826-3850 Attention: Center is temporarily closed

Mesa Arizona Regional Family History Center (Maricopa County) 41 S. Hobson, Mesa, Arizona 85204 Phone: 480-964-1200 http://www.mesarfhc.org/

These are not mailing addresses. Due to limited staff, Family History Centers are unable to respond to mail inquiries.

Libraries
Cochise County Library District Old Bisbee High School, 2nd Floor, 100 Clawson Avenue, Bisbee, Arizona 85603 Mailing: Drawer AK, Bisbee, AZ 85603 Fax: 520-432-7339 Website: http://cochise.lib.az.us/

Benson Public Library 300 S. Huachuca, P.O. Box 1480, Benson, Arizona 85602 Phone: 520-586-9535 Website: http://cochise.lib.az.us/benson/bpl.html

Bisbee Copper Queen Library 6 Main Street, P.O. Box 1857, Bisbee, Arizona 85603 Phone: 520-432-4232 Website: http://sites.google.com/site/msbwhite/home

Bowie Jimmie Libhart Public Library 201 N. Central Ave., P.O. Box 417, Bowie, Arizona 85605 Phone/Fax: 520-847-2522 Website: http://cochise.lib.az.us/bowie.html

Douglas Public Library 560 10th Street, Douglas, Arizona 85607 Phone: 520-417-7357. Fax: 520-805-5503 Website: http://cochise.lib.az.us/douglas.html

Elfrida Library 10552 North Highway 191, P.O. Box 98, Elfrida, AZ 85610 Phone/Fax: 520-642-1744. Website: http://cochise.lib.az.us/celfrida.html

Elsie Hogan Public Library 100 North Curtis Ave., Willcox, Arizona 85643 Phone: 520-766-4250 Email: Director, Tom Miner at [mailto:tminer@willcoxcity.org tminer@willcoxcity.org] Website: http://cochise.lib.az.us/willcox.html

Huachuca City Public Library 506 N. Gonzales Blvd., Huachuca City, AZ 85616 Phone/Fax: 520-456-1063 Website: http://cochise.lib.az.us/chuachucacity.html

Myrtle Kraft Library 2393 S. Rock House Rd., P.O. Box 16552, Portal, AZ 85632 Phone/Fax: 520-558-2468. Website: http://cochise.lib.az.us/cportal.html

Sierra Vista Public Library 2600 E. Tacoma, Sierra Vista, Arizona 85635 Phone: 520-458-4225 Fax: 520-458-5377 Website: http://www.ci.sierra-vista.az.us/cms1//index.php?option=com_content&amp;task=section&amp;id=22&amp;Itemid=831

Sunizona’s Alice Woods Library Old School House, Ash Creek School Campus, Highway 181, Sunizona Mailing: 6460 E. Highway 181, Pearce, AZ 85625 Phone/Fax: 520-824-3145 Website: http://cochise.lib.az.us/csunizona.html

Sunsites Community Library 210 North Ford Road, Sunsites, AZ Mailing: P.O. Box 544, Pearce, AZ 85625 Phone/Fax: 520-826-3866 Website: http://cochise.lib.az.us/csunsites.html

Tombstone City Library 4th &amp; Toughnut Street, Tombstone, AZ 85638 Mailing: P.O. Box 218, Tombstone, AZ 85638 Phone: 520-457-3612 Fax: 520-457-3612. Email: [mailto:jhoffma@tombstonepl.lib.az.us jhoffma@tombstonepl.lib.az.us]

Web Sites

 * USGenWeb Project. Maps, name indexes, transcriptions, images, history and other information for all States and most counties. See the USGenWeb for Cochise County.
 * Family History Library Catalog
 * The Arizona State library, Archives and Public Records, Arizona Cultural Inventory Project - Arizona repositories, societies, directory information, including addresses, phone numbers, emails, website and repository descriptions.