Butterfield Overland Mail

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=== Historical Background  ===
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=== Historical Background  ===
  
 
In 1853 the United States bought the Gadsden Purchase from Mexico. This was land in what is now New Mexico and Arizona south of the Gila River. It was purchased in order to have a snow-free route from the rest of the United States to California.  
 
In 1853 the United States bought the Gadsden Purchase from Mexico. This was land in what is now New Mexico and Arizona south of the Gila River. It was purchased in order to have a snow-free route from the rest of the United States to California.  
  
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From 1857 to 1861 a mail and stage coach route was used called the Butterfield Overland Mail, or Oxbow Route, or Butterfield Overland Stage. The route went from eastern terminals at St. Louis and Memphis and joined at Fort Smith, Arkansas. From there it went through Indian Territory (Oklahoma), El Paso (Texas), New Mexico, Yuma (Arizona), and into California north to San Francisco. The Wells Fargo and American Express companies operated this stage coach and mail service contract.  
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From 1857 to 1861 a mail and stage coach route was used called the Butterfield Overland Mail, or Oxbow Route, or Butterfield Overland Stage. The route went from eastern terminals at St. Louis and Memphis and joined at Fort Smith, Arkansas. From there it went through Indian Territory (Oklahoma), El Paso (Texas), New Mexico, Yuma (Arizona), Los Angeles, and San Francisco, California. The Wells Fargo and American Express companies operated this stage coach and mail service contract.  
  
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In 1861 Congress discontinued this mail route in favor of the Central Overland California (St. Joseph, Missouri to Placerville, California).
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In 1861 Congress discontinued this mail route in favor of the Central Overland California (St. Joseph, Missouri to Placerville, California).  
  
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=== Route  ===
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=== Route  ===
  
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*San Francisco, California
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*San Francisco, California  
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*Los Angeles, California
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*Los Angeles, California  
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*Yuma, Arizona
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*Yuma, Arizona  
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*Tucson, Arizona
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*Tucson, Arizona  
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*Franklin (near El Paso), Texas
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*Franklin (near El Paso), Texas  
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*Fort Chadbourne, Texas (central west Texas)
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*Fort Chadbourne, Texas (central west Texas)  
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*Cobert's Ferry, Indian Territory (on Red River near Colbert, Oklahoma)
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*Cobert's Ferry, Indian Territory (on Red River near Colbert, Oklahoma)  
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*Fort Smith, Arkansas
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*Fort Smith, Arkansas  
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*Tipton, Missouri (near Jefferson City)
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*Tipton, Missouri (near Jefferson City)  
 
*St. Louis, Missouri
 
*St. Louis, Missouri
  
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=== Settlers and Records  ===
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=== Settlers and Records  ===
  
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A
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Most of the settlers who used this stage line would have settled in California. Missouri, Illinois, and Tennessee are the most likely origins of people who used this route.
  
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=== Internet Links  ===
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No know passenger lists are available.
  
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A
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=== Internet Links  ===
  
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=== Sources  ===
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A
  
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{{reflist}}<br><br>
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=== Sources  ===
  
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[[Category:US Migration Trails and Roads]] [[Category:United States Migration Internal]] [[Category:Missouri]] [[Category:Arkansas]] [[Category:Tennessee]] [[Category:Oklahoma]] [[Category:Texas]] [[Category:New Mexico]] [[Category:Arizona]] [[Category:California]]
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{{reflist}}<br><br>
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[[Category:US_Migration_Trails_and_Roads]] [[Category:United_States_Migration_Internal]] [[Category:Missouri]] [[Category:Arkansas]] [[Category:Tennessee]] [[Category:Oklahoma]] [[Category:Texas]] [[Category:New_Mexico]] [[Category:Arizona]] [[Category:California]]

Revision as of 19:12, 4 July 2009

Contents

Historical Background

In 1853 the United States bought the Gadsden Purchase from Mexico. This was land in what is now New Mexico and Arizona south of the Gila River. It was purchased in order to have a snow-free route from the rest of the United States to California.

From 1857 to 1861 a mail and stage coach route was used called the Butterfield Overland Mail, or Oxbow Route, or Butterfield Overland Stage. The route went from eastern terminals at St. Louis and Memphis and joined at Fort Smith, Arkansas. From there it went through Indian Territory (Oklahoma), El Paso (Texas), New Mexico, Yuma (Arizona), Los Angeles, and San Francisco, California. The Wells Fargo and American Express companies operated this stage coach and mail service contract.

In 1861 Congress discontinued this mail route in favor of the Central Overland California (St. Joseph, Missouri to Placerville, California).

Route

  • San Francisco, California
  • Los Angeles, California
  • Yuma, Arizona
  • Tucson, Arizona
  • Franklin (near El Paso), Texas
  • Fort Chadbourne, Texas (central west Texas)
  • Cobert's Ferry, Indian Territory (on Red River near Colbert, Oklahoma)
  • Fort Smith, Arkansas
  • Tipton, Missouri (near Jefferson City)
  • St. Louis, Missouri

Settlers and Records 

Most of the settlers who used this stage line would have settled in California. Missouri, Illinois, and Tennessee are the most likely origins of people who used this route.

No know passenger lists are available.

Internet Links

A

Sources 



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