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NUMBERS

In some genealogical records, numbers—especially dates—are written out. The following list gives the cardinal (1, 2, 3) and the ordinal (1st, 2nd, 3rd) versions of each number. Ordinal numbers are adjectives and may sometimes appear with the feminine ending (-a) or the neuter ending (-um). In written dates the ordinal numbers usually end with the grammatical ending (-o).

Example:

quartus=the fourth

quarto=on the fourth

  Cardinal   Ordinal
1 unus 1st primus
2 duo, duae 2nd secundus
3 tres, tres, tria 3rd tertius
4 quattuor 4th quartus
5 quinque 5th quintus
6 sex 6th sextus
7 septem 7th septimus
8 octo 8th octavus
9 novem 9th nonus
10 decem 10th decimus
11 undecim 11th undecimus
12 duodecim 12th duodecimus
13 tredecim 13th tertius decimus
14 quattuordecim 14th quartus decimus
15 quindecim 15th quintus decimus
16 sedecim 16th sextus decimus
17 septemdecim 17th septimus decimus
18 odeviginti 18th duodevicesimus
19 undeviginti 19th undevicesimus
20 viginti 20st vicesimus or vigesimus
21 viginti unus 21st vicesimus primus
22 viginti duo 22nd vicesimus secundus
23 viginti tres 23rd vicesimus tertius
24 viginti quattuor 24th vicesimus quartus
25 viginti quinque 25th vicesimus quintus
26 viginti sex 26th vicesimus sextus
27 viginti septem 27th vicesimus septimus
28 viginti octo 28th vicesimus octavus
29 viginti novem 29th vicesimus nonus
30 triginta 30th tricesimus
40 quadraginta 40th quadragesimus
50 quinquaginta 50th quinquagesimus
60 sexaginta 60th sexagesimus
70 septuaginta 70th septuagesimus
80 octoginta 80th octogesimus
90 nonaginta 90th nonagesimus
100 centum   centesimus
101 centum unus 101th centesimus primus
150 centum quinquaginta 150th centesimus quinquagesimus
200 ducenti 200th ducentesimus
300 trecenti 300th trecentesimus
400 quadringenti 400th quadringentesimus
500 quingenti 500th quingentesimus
600 sescenti 600th sescentesimus
700 septigenti 700th septingentesimus
800 octingenti 800th octingentesimus
900 nongenti 900th nongentesimus
1000 mille 1000th millesimus


Roman Numerals

Roman numerals are written as combinations of the seven letters listed below. The letters can be written in capital (XVI) or lower-case (xvi) letters.

I = 1 L = 50 D = 500
V = 5 C = 100 M = 1000
X = 10    

D is sometimes represented by the symbol .

M is sometimes represented by the symbol .

If smaller value numbers follow larger value numbers, add the values together. If a smaller value number precedes a larger value number, subtract the smaller from the larger. For example:

VII =(5+2) = 7
IX =(10-1) = 9
XL =(50-10) = 40
MDCCII =1000+500+200+2 = 1702
MCMLXIV =1000+(1000-100)+50+10+(5-1) = 1964


Common Roman Numerals

1=I 14=XIV 27=XXVII 150=CL
2=II 15=XV 28=XXVIII 200=CC
3=III 16=XVI 29=XXIX 300=CCC
4=IV 17=XVII 30=XXX 400=CD
5=V 18=XVIII 31=XXXI 500=D
6=VI 19=XIX 40=XL 600=DC
7=VII 20=XX 50=L 700=DCC
8=VIII 21=XXI 60=LX 800=DCCC
9=IX 22=XXII 70=LXX 900=CM
10=X 23=XXIII 80=LXXX 1000=M
11=XI 24=XXIV 90=XC 1600=MDC
12=XII 25=XV 100=C 1700=MDCC
13=XIII 26=XVI 101=CI 1800=MDCCC
      1900=MCM


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