Vermont is the youngest New England state. Permanent settlements first arose in the 1760s under grants issued by New Hampshire. In 1764 the settlements were placed under the jurisdiction of New York. The settlers formed their own government in 1777, and Vermont joined the Union in 1791. In Vermont, as in other New England states, the basic governmental unit is the town, where original vital records and copies of deeds are held.

The earliest records are called proprietors’ records. After the proprietors sold their lands, the town clerk was the principal local record keeper. Town records generally begin with the founding of a town and are kept to the present.

Town records may contain records of births, marriages, burials, cemeteries, appointments, earmarks, estrays (records of stray animals), freemen’s oaths (men eligible to vote), land records, mortgages, name changes, care of the poor, school records, surveys, tax lists, town meeting minutes, voter registrations, and warnings out (of town). Birth, marriage, and death information found in town records is described further in the “Vital Records” section of this outline.

Warnings Out. A unique section of the town records of northern New England are the records of warnings out. Warnings out permitted local authorities to issue warrants requiring newcomers to leave town. The town was responsible for all the inhabitants, and if a person or family moved into town who could not qualify as a desirable member of the town or show personal means of support, they could be warned out by a warrant from the town constable. Warnings out in Vermont can be found as early as 1768 and as late as 1818. The original records were kept by the town clerk of each town, but information and lists have been published. For more information, see:

Rollins, Alden M. Vermont Warnings Out. 2vols. Camden, Maine: Picton Press, 1995-97. (FHL book 974.3 N2r; computer number 769224.) The records show the date the warning was given by the constable and the names of the family members involved. The book is arranged by county, then the dates are listed with the names of those for whom the warrant was issued. Volume 1 covers the northern counties, volume 2 covers the southern counties. There is an addendum in volume 2 for records recently found in the northern counties. Each volume is individually indexed.

Locating town records. Some town records can be found at the Vermont Public Records Division. They also have inventories of Vermont town records.

Town historians are an important source for town records. Each Vermont town has a town historian who usually has many books and manuscripts that have never been published. These records contain information not found elsewhere. The town historians are those who probably know more about the townspeople and their records than anyone else. Since the historian changes from time to time, the current one can be found by contacting the town librarian and asking for the name of the town historian.

Specific information and records for each town can be found in the Family History Library Catalog by using a Locality Search under:

VERMONT- TOWN RECORDSVERMONT, [COUNTY]- TOWN RECORDSVERMONT, [COUNTY], [TOWN]- TOWN RECORDS

Lainhart, Ann S. Digging for Genealogical Treasure in New England Town Records. Boston, Mass.: New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1996. (FHL book 974 N2L; computer number 793647.) Includes indexes to persons and places.

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