[Research Guidance: U.S. Military Records - Research Outline] Research Guidance Version Of Data : 6/9/2001

U.S. Military Records
Research Outline

REVOLUTIONARY WAR, 1775 TO 1783

The Revolutionary War began with the confrontation between British troops and local militia at Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts, on 19 April 1775. Throughout the war, state troops and local militias supplemented the Continental (federal) Army. The total number of men who served is not known.

The original service records and the earliest pension records of the Revolutionary War were destroyed in fires in 1800 and 1814. Substitute records were used to make the compiled service records. These records are in Record Group 93 at the National Archives. A description of the holdings for this record group is:

Beutrich, Mabel E., and Howard N. Wehmann. War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records. Rev. ed. PI 144. Washington, D.C: 1970.

Service Records

The following service records are available on microfilm at the Family History Library:

General Index to Compiled Military Service Records of Revolutionary War Soldiers, Sailors, and Members of Army Staff Departments. National Archives Microfilm Publication M860. (FHL films 88284–98; computer number 280117.) Alphabetical index including soldiers, sailors, members of Army staff departments, and civilian employees of the Army and Navy, such as teamsters, carpenters, laundresses, and cooks. For each soldier or civilian, the index lists the name, rank, unit, and profession or office.

White, Virgil D. Index to Revolutionary War Service Records. 4 vols. Waynesboro, Tenn.: National Historical Publishing Co., 1995. (FHL book 973 M22wv; computer number 755463.) This is a transcription from film M860 listed above. Entries include name, unit, and rank.

Compiled Service Records of Soldiers Who Served in the American Army during the Revolutionary War. National Archives Microfilm Publication M881. (On 1,096 FHL films beginning with 1485281; computer number 432762.) Contains the service records of soldiers in the Continental Army and other units that fought with them.

Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775–1783. National Archives Microfilm Publication M246. (FHL films 830281–417; computer number 70811.) These are original company rolls, muster rolls, payrolls, and strength returns of Continental Army, militia, and state volunteer units. They are arranged by unit in folders called “jackets.” Use the index to the compiled service records to find the name of the regimental commander, then use the index (FHL film 830280) to determine the jacket number.

Compiled Service Records of American Naval Personnel and Members of the Departments of the Quartermaster General and the Commissary General of Military Stores Who Served during the Revolutionary War. National Archives Microfilm Publication M880. (FHL films 1025081–83; computer number 323504.) These abstracts, made from original records, are similar to the compiled service records of soldiers. The records are arranged by department and then alphabetically by name. To find specific microfilm numbers, look in the Locality search of the Family History Library Catalog under:

UNITED STATES - MILITARY RECORDS -REVOLUTION, 1775-1783

The Family History Library’s state research outlines describe published rosters of Revolutionary War soldiers from each colony. The following are additional books listing officers and others:

American Chaplains of the Revolution. Louisville, Ky.: National Society, Sons of the American Revolution, 1991. (FHL 973 Al no. 311; computer number 660884.) This is an alphabetical list of chaplains in the Continental Line, State Militia, and Continental Navy. It includes information such as birth, death, marriage, where lived, and service information, both ecclesiastical and military.

Claghorn, Charles E. Women Patriots of the American Revolution: A Biographical Dictionary. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1991. (FHL 973 H26c; computer number 663605.) Identifies over 5,000 women who rendered patriot service with brief biographical sketches on 600 women.

Claghorn, Charles E. Naval Officers of the American Revolution: A Concise Biographical Dictionary. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1988. (FHL book 973 M3c; computer number 521237.) Lists 3,500 naval officers and privateers.

Greene, Robert Ewell. Black Courage, 1775–1783: Documentation of Black Participation in the American Revolution. Washington, D.C.: National Society Daughters of the American Revolution, 1984. (FHL 973 M2gb; computer number 379618.) Contains biographical sketches which include soldier’s military unit; physical description; when enlisted; battles fought; pensioned; birth, marriage, and death dates and places; names of wives and children; and if the soldier was free or slave. An additional list of soldiers, pensioners, and prisoners of war with military unit and state is included.

Heitman, Francis B. Historical Register of Officers of the Continental Army during the War of the Revolution, April, 1775 to December, 1783. 1914. Reprint, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1967. (FHL book 973 M23h; computer number 271260.) Lists 14,000 officers compiled from governmental and other sources. Includes militia and state troops. Some death dates are listed.

Kaminkow, Marion, and Jack Kaminkow, comps. Mariners of the American Revolution. Baltimore: Magna Carta Book Co., 1967. (FHL book 973 M25k; computer number 271984.) An alphabetical list of seamen who were captured and imprisoned in England.

Neagles, James C. Summer Soldiers. A Survey and Index of Revolutionary War Courts-Martial. Salt Lake City: Ancestry, Inc., 1986. (FHL book 973 M2ns; computer number 406071.) An alphabetical list of 3,315 cases of soldiers who were court martialed that lists the offense, verdict, punishment, if applicable, and the source of information. Often provides military rank and unit.

Toner, Joseph M. The Medical Men of the Revolution, with a Brief History of the Medical Department of the Continental Army: Containing the Names of Nearly Twelve Hundred Physicians. Philadelphia: Collins, printer, 1876. (FHL film 1703658; computer number 507245.) Contains a list of physicians and surgeons with state and type of service rendered.

Williams, Eugene Franklin. Soldiers of God: the Chaplains of the Revolutionary War. New York: Carlton Press, 1975. (FHL 973 D3wil; computer number 266262.) A history of chaplains’ service during the Revolution. Contains biographical sketches, including military unit and dates served and other genealogical data.

Pension Records and Bounty Land Warrants

The first pension law in 1776 granted half-pay for life to soldiers disabled in the service and unable to earn a living. The first pension law based on service was passed in 1818, but it was later amended to make eligible only those soldiers unable to earn a living. The pension act of 1832 allowed pensions again based on service and made widows of veterans also eligible to receive pension benefits. Fires in 1800 destroyed the earliest Revolutionary War pension application records. As a result, pension application papers on file at the National Archives begin after 1800. Certain pension records predating 1800 survive in the form of Congressional reports and other legislation. Reports available are arranged by state; they give name, rank, regiment, description of wounds, and disability; they also give information regarding pension, place of residence, and physical fitness. (FHL film 944495; computer number 277508.)

Post-1800 pension files are located on the following films:

Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty Land Warrant Application Files, 1800–1900. National Archives Microfilm Publication M804. (On 2,670 FHL films beginning with 970001; computer number 178932.) The files are alphabetically arranged.

Following is an index to these files:

Index to Revolutionary War Pension Applications in the National Archives. Special Publication No. 40. Rev. and enl. Arlington, Va.: National Genealogical Society, 1976. (FHL book 973 M22ng; computer number 113808.) This index contains the name of the veteran and or the widow with the state and pension or bounty land warrant number.

Abstracts of the files are found in the following source:

White, Virgil D. Genealogical Abstracts of Revolutionary War Pension Files. 4 vols. Waynesboro, Tenn.: National Historical Publishing, 1990–92. (FHL book 973 M28g; computer number 534698.) Some entries in this work have cross-references to the Virginia half-pay claims, state pensions, and state bounty lands. Volume four indexes the abstracts. This includes an every-name index for 350,000 names.

The following are related manuscript collections:

Ledgers of Payments, 1818–1872, to U.S. Pensioners Under Acts of 1818 through 1858, from Records of the Third Auditor of the Treasury. National Archives Microfilm Publication T718. (FHL films 1319381–403; computer number 210398.) These pension payment volumes record payments to Revolutionary War veterans and others. The records are arranged by pension act, then by pension agency, and then alphabetically by the first letter of the veterans’ surnames. Entries list name, pension agency, record of payments made, death date, and the date of the final payment made to heirs. To find specific microfilm numbers, look in the Locality search of the Family History Library Catalog under:

UNITED STATES - MILITARY RECORDS - PENSIONS

U.S. Revolutionary War Bounty Land Warrants Used in the U.S. Military District of Ohio and Related Papers (Acts of 1788, 1803, 1806). National Archives Microfilm Publication M829. (FHL films 1025141–56; computer number 68938.) To find specific microfilm numbers, look in the Locality search of the Family History Library Catalog under:

OHIO - LAND AND PROPERTY

Bockstruck, Lloyd DeWitt. Revolutionary War Bounty Land Grants Awarded by State Governments. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1996. (FHL 973 R2bo; computer number 389655.) Index includes name, state of service, rank, date of record, and acreage.

Smith, Clifford Neal. Federal Land Series. Volume 2, 1799–1835. Federal Bounty Land Warrants of the American Revolution. Chicago: American Library Association, 1973. (FHL 973 R23s, vol. 2; fiche 6087454; computer number 65263.) Entries include name and rank of veteran, land warrant numbers, range and township, quarter township and lot numbers, date of register entry and source of information, and number of acres.

Virginia Half Pay and Other Related Revolutionary War Pension Application Files. National Archives Microfilm Publication M910. (FHL films 1024434–42; computer number 211911.) Records include the name; rank; amount of pension; death date; widow and children, if any; pension file number; some dates for wife and children, especially date of death of wife, and so on. Contains 279 pension application files.

Below are published lists of pensioners:

Clark, Murtie June, comp. The Pension Lists of 1792–1795. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1991. (FHL book 973 M2cmj; computer number 631594.) Contains transcriptions of congressional reports for 1792 to 1795. Some entries list name, rank, regiment or company, and residence, and include remarks. Other pre-1800 pension-related records are also included.

The Pension Roll of 1835. 4 vols. 1835. Reprint. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1992. (FHL book 973 M24ua; fiche 6046995; computer number 272015.) For a description look under “Pension Records,” in the “Types of Military Records” section of this outline.

United States War Department. Letter from the Secretary of War Transmitting a Report of . . . Every Person Placed on the Pension List of 1820. Reprinted with index as The Pension List of 1820. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1991. (FHL book 973 M2ulp; computer number 631592; film 874189 item 1; fiche 6046612; computer number 113977.) Arranged by state, then alphabetically by name. Lists rank and service of the soldier.

Unit Histories

Knowing the history of your ancestor’s military unit can help you find a place of residence at the time of enlistment or help you find a death place. The following sources are helpful in identifying Revolutionary War regiments:

Berg, Fred Anderson. Encyclopedia of Continental Army Units, Battalions, Regiments, and Independent Corps. Harrisburg, Pa.: Stackpole Books, 1972. (FHL book 973 M2be; computer number 270848.) Provides a brief organizational sketch of each unit in the Continental Army and lists the commanding officers.

Wright, Robert K. The Continental Army. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, United States Army, 1983. (FHL book 973 M2wr; computer number 345232.) Includes extensive bibliographies, maps, and brief histories of every permanent unit in the Continental Army.

Census Records

The following source lists living pensioners of the Revolutionary War and other military service:

Federal Population Decennial Census Schedule: Sixth Census of the United States, 1840. National Archives Microfilm Publication M704. (FHL 580 films; computer number 30877.)

These names are published in the following:

A Census of Pensioners for Revolutionary or Military Service. . . . 1841. Reprint, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1967. (FHL book 973 X2pc 1967; film 816370; fiche 6046771; computer number 270766.) It lists the name, age, and residence of the pensioner and the name of the head of household with whom the pensioner lived.

The following is an index to the above source:

The Genealogical Society of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. A General Index to a Census of Pensioners For Revolutionary or Military Service. 1840. Reprint, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1965. (FHL book 973 X2pc index 1965; film 899835; fiche 6046771; computer number 270948.) The index lists alphabetically both the veteran and the head of the family with whom the pensioner resided. Names with asterisks are heads of families. Page numbers refer to the published list.

Cemetery Records

The Daughters of the American Revolution has published the grave locations of Revolutionary War soldiers in the following source:

DAR Annual Report to the Smithsonian Institution, 1900–1974. These lists have been continued in the DAR Magazine. (FHL book 973 B2dar; computer number 74386) beginning with the October 1969 issue. The lists give name, birth date, death date, burial place, rank, and state and regiment of service if known. There are more than 58,500 identified graves.

The lists published in the DAR Magazine between 1974 and 1982 were reprinted as the following:

Located Graves of Soldiers and Patriots of the American Revolution. Washington, D.C.: National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution, 1977–1982. (FHL book 973 V3l; computer number 187899.) Includes the name of the soldier, birth and death dates, where he was buried, and dates of service.

The following source indexes the DAR Annual Reports to the Smithsonian Institution for 1900 and 1915 through 1986:

Hatcher, Patricia Law. Abstract of Graves of Revolutionary Patriots. 4 vols. Dallas: Pioneer Heritage Press, 1987–88. (FHL book 973 V38h; computer number 451571.) Alphabetical entries listing the name, cemetery, place the cemetery is located, and reporting year.

A card file of located graves is maintained at the DAR Library in the Office of the Historian General. A similar card file abstracting burial and service information from the DAR reports is in the Harold B. Lee Library at Brigham Young University and at the Family History Library. It is called:

DAR Revolutionary War Burial Index. Salt Lake City, Utah: The Genealogical Society of Utah, 1993. (FHL films 1307675–83; computer number 782952.) Includes name; birth date; death date; burial place, including state, county, and town, and name of cemetery; service, and so on.

Also available from the Sons of the American Revolution are:

War Graves Registration Forms. Salt Lake City, Utah: The Genealogical Society of Utah, 1996. (On 8 FHL films beginning with 2032073; computer number 790299.) These records are alphabetically arranged, and contain forms received by the National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution up to mid-1993.

Listed below are additional sources of information on Revolutionary War deaths:

Brakebill, Clovis H., ed. and comp. Revolutionary War Graves Register. Louisville, Ky.: Wolfe City, Tex.: National Society Sons of the American Revolution; Henington Publishing, 1993. (FHL 973 V3br; computer number 683302.) Includes the name, birth and death year, cemetery, place where cemetery is located, rank, and state of service. This book is also available at some libraries on compact disc.

Peterson, Clarence Stewart. Known Military Dead during the American Revolutionary War, 1775–1783. 1959. Reprint, Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1967. (FHL book 973 M23pb; fiche 6051243; computer number 271266.) Lists soldiers and sailors who were killed or died during the war, giving name, rank, unit, and death date.

Many states, associations, and individuals have compiled cemetery listings of Revolutionary War soldiers and veterans. The Family History Library has the following lists available:

Alabama FHL computer number 248040

Georgia FHL computer number 702837

Indiana FHL computer number 29961

Illinois FHL computer numbers 542318, 239532

Iowa FHL computer number 242657

Maine FHL computer numbers 474994, 752308, 752309

Massachusetts FHL computer number 641518

Missouri FHL computer number 236815

New York FHL computer number 635651

Ohio FHL computer number 201734

Texas FHL computer number 829231

Vermont FHL computer numbers 349451, 698533

Wisconsin FHL computer number 308734

Veterans’ and Lineage Society Records

The National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution. This society was organized in 1890. The following DAR sources are helpful to researchers:

D.A.R. Patriot Index. Centennial Edition. 3 parts. Washington, D. C.: National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution, 1990 (FHL 973 C42da 1990; computer number 696544.) An alphabetical list of over 100,000 patriots whose service has been established by the Daughters of the American Revolution between October 1890 and October 1990. The information was compiled from extracted data of membership applications and other sources. Corrections to the Patriot Index have been published in the DAR Magazine, starting with the May 1983 issue.

D.A.R. Patriot Index. An Index to the Spouses of the D.A.R. Patriots. Volume 3. Washington, D.C.: National Society Daughters of the American Revolution, 1986. (FHL book 973 C42da V.3.) An alphabetical list of the wives of patriots named in the first two volumes of the 1986 edition of the Patriot Index.

Lineage Books. . . . 166 vols. Washington, D.C.: D.A.R., 1895–1939. (FHL book 973 D2d; fiche 6051226; computer number 246280.) Compiled lineages taken from membership applications with national numbers between 1 and 166,000.

An index to these is:

Index of the Rolls of Honor in the Lineage Books. . . . Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1988. (FHL book 973 D2d index; 1988 computer number 44819; fiche 6051293, 1980 edition.) Contains the name of the soldier and the volume and page number of the lineage book where the soldier’s information can be located.

Copies of membership applications can be obtained for a fee from the national headquarters:

National Society, Daughters of the American Revolution
1776 D Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20006
Telephone: 202-628-1776
Fax: 202-879-3252
Internet: www.dar.org

This web site links to information about headquarters buildings, membership requirements, work of the society, state chapters, overseas units, their genealogy library (including an online library catalog search), museum, and news.

National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution. This society was organized in 1889. For this society, the Family History Library has the following:

SAR Membership Information, 1776–1996; Catalog of Members; Index of Ancestors, Applications no 1-146101; and Membership Application Documentation. (On 1,087 FHL films; computer number 438790).

You can also obtain microfilm numbers for the above sources using the Locality search of the Family History Library Catalog under

UNITED STATES - SOCIETIES

The society’s address is:

National Society, Sons of the American Revolution
1000 South Fourth Street
Louisville, KY 40203
Telephone: 502-589-1776
Internet: www.sar.org

This web site has information about the society’s patriotic, historical, and educational efforts, links to state chapter web sites, and their online genealogical library catalog search.

The National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution published in 1998 a Patriot Index on compact disc with over 450,000 records. The 1999 edition will contain an additional 140,000 records.

The Society of the Cincinnati was organized in 1783 by officers of the Continental Army. Hereditary membership is through the eldest male and his posterity. Published lists of society members include:

Thomas, William Sturgis. Members of the Society of the Cincinnati. Original, Hereditary and Honorary: with a Brief Account of the Society’s History and Aims. New York: Tobias A. Wright. 1929. ( FHL book 973 C4sct; computer number 265007.) Lists original hereditary and honorary members in the United States, with a separate list for members in France. Includes name, rank, whether or not an original member, and state society of the member.

Metcalf, Bryce. Original Members and Other Officers Eligible to the Society of the Cincinnati, 1783–1938. Strasburg, Va.: Shenandoah Publishing House, Inc., 1938. (FHL book 973 C44mb; computer number 474956.) A list of original members and the years they served in the society. It lists their descendants eligible for the society and includes rules of eligibility and admission and officers of state societies.

The society’s address is:

Society of the Cincinnati
2118 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20008-2810
Telephone: 202-785-2040

Cincinnati Fourteen is the Society’s newsletter (FHL book 975.3 C45; computer number 523819.)

Daughters of the Cincinnati was established in 1894 by female descendants of Revolutionary War officers.

The society’s address is:

Daughters of the Cincinnati
122 East 58th Street
New York, NY 10022
Telephone: 212-319-6915

The following sources are available at the Family History Library:

Ancestor index file, A–Z. (FHL film 915852; computer number 313034.) Index lists ancestor’s name, regiment and rank, with name of applicant.
Eligible ancestors index, A–Z. (FHL film 915853 item 1; computer number 313036.)
Membership list and ancestors roster. (FHL film 915853 item 2; computer number 313037.)
Application packets. (FHL film 915854–67;computer number 313037.)

For details about records of American Loyalists (United Empire Loyalists), see the Canada Research Outline (34545). For records of German mercenary troops known as “Hessians,” many of whom settled in the United States, see the Germany Research Outline (34061). For records of British forces who served in the American Revolution, see the England Research Outline (34037), the Ireland Research Outline (34717), and the Scotland Research Outline (32960). For records of French forces who fought as United States allies, see the France Research Outline (34715).

Sources for Further Reading

Blanco, Richard L. The War of the American Revolution: A Selected Annotated Bibliography of Published Sources. New York and London: Garland Publishing, 1984 (FHL book 973 M23b v.1; computer number 480526.) Includes over 3,000 entries with author, title, publication information, and a brief description.

Blanco, Richard L. and Paul J. Sanborn, eds. The American Revolution, 1775–1783: An Encyclopedia. 2 vols. New York and London: Garland Publishing, 1993. (FHL book 973 M2amr; computer number 348021.) Contains essays on battles, topics, and generals and other leaders.

Boatner, Mark Mayo, III. Encyclopedia of the American Revolution. Bicentennial ed. New York: David McKay, 1974. Reprint, Mechanicsburg, Penn.: Stackpole Books, 1994.

Bowman, Larry G. Captive Americans: Prisoners during the American Revolution. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press, 1976. (FHL book 973 M2bow; computer number 475366.) Provides a description and evaluation of conditions which American military and civilian personnel endured as captives of British military forces.

Davis, Robert S., Jr. “When a Revolutionary War Pensioner’s Claim Can’t Be Found.” National Genealogical Society Quarterly 77. (June 1989): 128–32. (FHL book 973 B2ng; computer number 209748.)

Gephart, Ronald, comp. Revolutionary America 1763–1789: A Bibliography. 2 vols. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1984. (FHL book 973 H23g; computer number 345428.) A guide to the more important printed sources in the collections of the Library of Congress.

Metzger, Charles H. The Prisoner in the American Revolution. Chicago, Ill.: Loyola University Press, 1971. (FHL 973 M2met; computer number 639515.) Includes information on prisoners and their management, treatment, complaints and redress, plus information on British prison ships.

Neagles, James C., and Lila L. Neagles. Locating Your Revolutionary War Ancestor: A Guide to Military Records. Logan, Utah: Everton Publishers, 1983.(FHL book 973 D27ne; fiche 6125125; computer number 299351.) A guide to the records used in identifying a soldier. Includes chapters on military organization, the National Archives, patriotic societies, state resources, and so on.

Neimeyer, Charles Patrick. America Goes to War. A Social History of the Continental Army. New York: New York University Press, 1996.

Peckham, Howard H., ed. The Toll of Independence: Engagement and Battle Casualties of the American Revolution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1974. (FHL book 973 M2ti; computer 01935.) Chronological index to the military engagements of the war with a statistical listing of the killed, wounded, and missing.

Schultz, Constance B. “Revolutionary War Pension Applications: A Neglected Source For Social and Family History.” Prologue: The Journal of the National Archives 15. (Summer 1983): 103–14. (FHL book 973 B2p; computer number 73342.)

Smith, Charles R. Marines in the Revolution: A History of the Continental Marines in the American Revolution, 1775–1783. Washington, D.C.: History and Museums Division, Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps, 1975. (FHL book 973 M2smi; computer number 474915.) Contains transcriptions of muster, pay, and prize rolls along with biographical sketches of officers.

White, J. Todd, and Charles H. Lesser, eds. Fighters for Independence: A Guide to Sources of Biographical Information on Soldiers and Sailors of the American Revolution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1977. (FHL book 973 D33w; computer number 4991.) A guide to information on the soldiers, sailors, and Marines. The bibliography includes military and related records, compiled lists of names and biographical sketches, and other sources of biographical information.

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